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. 2021 Mar 24;15:609898. doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2021.609898

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Copyright © 2021 Fu and Monahan.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Upper panel: means of grand average ERPs at electrodes Cz, Fz, FC1/2. Ribbons represent 95% confidence intervals. In both panels, there is no significant difference between the ERPs at any time point (pFDR < 0.05). Plots are arranged to show iMMNs. Left panel compares the ERPs to the retroflex standard and deviant; right panel compares the ERPs to the non-retroflex standard and deviant. Middle panel: difference waves of grand average ERPs at the fronto-central cluster (Cz, Fz, FC1/2). Lower panel: difference waves of grand average ERPs of averaged mastoids and the fronto-central cluster (Cz, Fz, FC1/2) with an average reference.