Table 3.
Diary‐ and 24‐h clock‐based definitions of morning and nocturnal blood pressure parameters
| Diary‐based definition | 24‐h clock‐based definition | |
|---|---|---|
| 24‐h BP | Average of readings over 24 h | Average of readings over 24 h |
| Daytime BP | Average of daytime readings from arising to going to bed | Average of daytime readings between 09:00 h and 21:00 h |
| Nighttime BP parameters | ||
| Nighttime BP | Average of nighttime readings from going to bed to arising | Average of nighttime readings from 01:00 h to 06:00 h |
| Average peak nighttime SBP | Average of 3 highest nighttime SBP readings from going to bed to arising | Average of 3 highest nighttime SBP readings from 01:00 h to 06:00 h |
| Maximum nighttime SBP | Maximum nighttime SBP reading from going to bed to arising | Maximum nighttime SBP reading from 01:00 h to 06:00 h |
| Minimum nighttime SBP | Minimum nighttime SBP reading from going to bed to arising | Minimum nighttime SBP reading from 01:00 h to 06:00 h |
| Moving lowest nighttime SBP | Lowest 1‐h moving average of consecutive SBP readings from going to bed to arising | Lowest 1‐h moving average of consecutive SBP readings from 01:00 h to 06:00 h |
| Prewakening nighttime SBP | Average of nighttime SBP readings in the 2 h before arising | |
| Nighttime BP dipping parameters | ||
| Nighttime dipping (%) | =(1 minus average nighttime SBP/average daytime SBP) × 100 | |
| Subgroup classification based on nighttime SBP dipping (%) | =Extreme‐dipper ≧20%; Dipper <20%, ≧10%; Non‐dipper <10%, ≧0%; Riser <0% | |
| Morning BP parameters | ||
| Morning BP | Average of readings in the 2 h after arising | Average of readings between 07:00 h and 09:00 h |
| Moving peak morning SBP | Highest 1‐h moving average of consecutive SBP readings in the 2 h after arising | Highest 1‐h moving average of consecutive SBP readings between 06:00 h and 10:00 h |
| Maximum morning SBP | Maximum morning SBP reading in the 2 h after arising | Maximum morning SBP reading between 06:00 h and 10:00 h |
| Minimum morning SBP | Minimum morning SBP reading between 05:00 h and 09:00 h before maximum morning SBP | |
| Moving lowest preawakening morning SBP | Lowest 1‐h moving average of consecutive SBP readings between 05:00 h and 09:00 h before moving peak morning SBP | |
Abbreviations: BP, blood pressure; SBP, systolic blood pressure.