Table A9.

ABPM parameters and prediction of cardiovascular outcomes

Recommendation	Class of recommendation	Level of evidence
1. The risk of cardiovascular disease (stroke, coronary artery disease, and/or heart failure) is more closely associated with elevated 24‐h, daytime, nighttime and/or morning BP on ABPM than with clinic BP	I	A
2. Masked hypertension is associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular disease than normotension or white‐coat hypertension	I	A
3. Uncomplicated white‐coat hypertension does not increase cardiovascular risk, but white‐coat hypertension in the presence of risk factors and/or target organ damage may be associated with greater risk of cardiovascular events compared with normotension	I	A
4. Nocturnal hypertension and non‐dipper/riser patterns are associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease, including heart failure, while exaggerated morning surge and extreme dipping are likely to be associated with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease	I	A
5. Short‐term ambulatory BPV is associated with increased cardiovascular risk	IIa	B

Abbreviations: ABPM, ambulatory blood pressure monitoring; BP, blood pressure; BPV, blood pressure variability.