Table A11.

Antihypertensive treatment assessed using ABPM

Recommendation	Class of recommendation	Level of evidence
1. ABPM can be used to assess the effects of lifestyle modification, antihypertensive medication, and device treatment on the 24‐h BP profile	I	A
2. Lifestyle modifications such as diet (salt restriction, fish, vegetables, nuts, etc), regular exercise, good sleeping and housing conditions (temperature, humidity, etc) improve the 24‐h BP profile	I	A
3. Seasonal variation in the 24‐h BP profile (increased morning BP in winter and increased nighttime BP in summer) should be considered in the assessment of 24‐h BP control	IIa	B
4. Long‐acting antihypertensive drugs and the combination therapy are useful for reducing 24‐h BP	I	A
5. ABPM is useful for detecting uncontrolled morning and nocturnal hypertension during antihypertensive therapy	I	A
6. Antihypertensive interventions that reduce circulating volume (eg salt restriction, diuretics, angiotensin receptor and neprilysin inhibitors and sodium‐glucose cotransporter‐2 inhibitors) are the preferred approach to reducing nocturnal BP. Long‐acting calcium channel blockers effectively reduce daytime BPV and morning BP surge	IIa	B
7. Bedtime antihypertensive drug dosing effectively reduces nocturnal and morning uncontrolled hypertension without excessive daytime hypotensive episodes	I	B
8. Renal denervation is effective at reducing 24‐h BP, including nocturnal and morning BP	I	A

Abbreviations: ABPM, ambulatory blood pressure monitoring; BP, blood pressure; BPV, blood pressure variability.