Table 1.
Clinical characteristics of the participants according to blood pressure status and body mass index category
| Characteristics | Normal BMI | Elevated BMI | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Non‐hypertension | Hypertension | P values | Non‐hypertension | Hypertension | P values | |
| No., n (%) | 77 201 (90.7) | 7938 (9.3) | <0.001 | 43 132 (75.8) | 13 734 (24.2) | <0.001 |
| Age, year | 41.0 ± 11.1 | 50.0 ± 14.1 | <0.001 | 44.0 ± 10.9 | 48.6 ± 11.9 | <0.001 |
| Female, n (%) | 42 977 (55.7) | 2804 (35.3) | <0.001 | 10 599 (24.6) | 2425 (17.7) | <0.001 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 21.2 ± 1.8 | 21.9 ± 1.6 | <0.001 | 26.3 ± 1.9 | 27.0 ± 2.3 | <0.001 |
| WC (cm) | 72.5 ± 6.8 | 75.9 ± 6.5 | <0.001 | 86.0 ± 6.9 | 88.5 ± 7.3 | <0.001 |
| WHR | 0.80 ± 0.05 | 0.83 ± 0.05 | <0.001 | 0.87 ± 0.05 | 0.89 ± 0.05 | <0.001 |
| WHtR | 0.43 ± 0.03 | 0.45 ± 0.03 | <0.001 | 0.51 ± 0.03 | 0.52 ± 0.04 | <0.001 |
| Heart rate (beats/min) | 71.6 ± 3.9 | 73.9 ± 4.1 | <0.001 | 75.3 ± 3.7 | 77.8 ± 4.5 | <0.001 |
| SBP (mm Hg) | 114.5 ± 11.9 | 145.3 ± 11.8 | <0.001 | 121.1 ± 10.4 | 158.4 ± 1433.6 | <0.001 |
| DBP (mm Hg) | 70.2 ± 8.6 | 88.8 ± 9.4 | <0.001 | 75.0 ± 8.0 | 91.4 ± 9.1 | <0.001 |
| FPG (mmol/L) | 5.73 ± 1.20 | 5.71 ± 1.19 | 0.198 | 5.70 ± 1.17 | 5.71 ± 1.23 | 0.790 |
| TC (mmol/L) | 4.77 ± 0.90 | 4.75 ± 0.89 | 0.199 | 4.74 ± 0.89 | 4.74 ± 0.88 | 0.680 |
| TG (mmol/L) | 1.55 ± 1.32 | 1.54 ± 1.33 | 0.509 | 1.51 ± 1.29 | 1.47 ± 1.21 | 0.013 |
| HDLc (mmol/L) | 1.48 ± 0.33 | 1.49 ± 0.34 | 0.091 | 1.49 ± 0.34 | 1.51 ± 0.34 | 0.001 |
| LDLc (mmol/L) | 2.70 ± 0.77 | 2.66 ± 0.74 | 0.001 | 2.68 ± 0.76 | 2.67 ± 0.75 | 0.251 |
| UA (μmol/L) | 343.3 ± 88.5 | 341.2 ± 89.6 | 0.046 | 339.1 ± 88.4 | 338.8 ± 88.8 | 0.681 |
| TG/HDLc | 1.21 ± 1.45 | 1.21 ± 1.37 | 1.000 | 1.17 ± 1.42 | 1.14 ± 1.35 | 0.032 |
| TyG | 8.66 ± 0.63 | 8.64 ± 0.63 | 0.049 | 8.62 ± 0.63 | 8.61 ± 0.62 | 0.015 |
| METS‐IR | 30.75 ± 3.81 | 31.75 ± 3.80 | <0.001 | 37.95 ± 4.41 | 38.88 ± 4.83 | <0.001 |
Normal BMI, BMI = 18.5‐23.9 kg/m2; Elevated BMI, BMI ≥ 28.0 kg/m2.
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; FPG, fasting plasma glucose; HDLc, high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDLc, low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol; METS‐IR, metabolic score for insulin resistance; SBP, systolic blood pressure; TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglyceride; TyG, triglyceride and glucose index; UA, plasma uric acid; WC, waist circumference; WHR, waist‐to‐hip ratio; WHtR, waist‐to‐height ratio.