Table 1.
Clinical Data According to the Presence of OSA After Standard Antihypertensive Treatment
| Variable | All Patients (N=95) | No OSA (n=43) | OSA (n=52) | P Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, y | 56±10 | 53±9 | 59±9 | .005 |
| Men, % | 44 | 32.5 | 53.8 | .03 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 30.4±5 | 29±4.7 | 31.6±4.8 | .01 |
| Neck circumference, cm | 39.1±4.0 | 37.7±4.0 | 40.3±3.6 | .002 |
| Waist circumference, cm | 101.8±11.2 | 97.5±10.5 | 105.3±10.5 | <.001 |
| Diabetes, % | 24.7 | 26.1 | 23.5 | .47 |
| Dyslipidemia, % | 51.6 | 52.3 | 51.0 | .52 |
| Current smoking, % | 16.1 | 16.6 | 15.6 | 1.0 |
| Hypothyroidism, % | 3.2 | 2.3 | 4 | 1.0 |
| Hypertension diagnosis, y | 13.4±10 | 14±11 | 12.8±9.5 | .59 |
| eGFR, mL/min/1.73 m2 | 85±20 | 91±19 | 81±21 | .03 |
| Office SBP, mm Hga | 153±23 | 150±22 | 155±23 | .32 |
| Office DBP, mm Hga | 96±14 | 97±13 | 95±14 | .6 |
| Ambulatory BP monitoring | ||||
| SBP, 24‐h, mm Hga | 131±17 | 129±18 | 133±16 | .24 |
| SBP, wake, mm Hga | 135±17 | 133±17 | 137±16 | .23 |
| SBP, sleep, mm Hga | 121±18 | 117±18 | 124±17 | .1 |
| SBP, nondipping, % | 44.7 | 32.6 | 55 | .02 |
| DBP, 24‐h, mm Hg | 81±12 | 80±12 | 81±12 | .69 |
| DBP, wake, mm Hg | 84±12 | 84±12 | 84±12 | .78 |
| DBP, sleep, mm Hg | 71±13 | 70±13 | 72±13 | .45 |
| DBP, nondipping, % | 27.7 | 30 | 25,5 | .44 |
| Polysomnography data | ||||
| Total sleep time, min | 333.5±77.5 | 336±74 | 331.5±81 | .78 |
| N1, % | 14±8 | 11±5 | 16±9 | .001 |
| N2, % | 52±8 | 54±8 | 51±8 | .07 |
| N3, % | 19±8 | 20±7 | 19±8 | .42 |
| REM, % | 15±6 | 15±6 | 15±6 | .79 |
| AHI, events per h | 22±19 | 7±5 | 34±17 | <.001 |
| Baseline SpO2, % | 97±2 | 98±2 | 97±2 | .07 |
| Lowest SpO2, % | 82±2 | 87±6 | 79±8 | <.001 |
| Total sleep time SpO2 <90%, % | 0.4(0.03–2.7) | 0.02(0–0.3) | 1.4(0.3–5.5) | <.001 |
Abbreviations: AHI, apnea‐hypopnea index; BMI, body mass index; BP, blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; N1, stage 1 of sleep; N2, stage 2 of sleep; N3, stage 3 of sleep; OSA, obstructive sleep apnea; REM, rapid eye movement; SBP, systolic blood pressure; SpO2, oxyhemoglobin saturation. P values in bold indicate statistical significance. Sleep stages are reported as a percentage of total sleep time.
a
Obtained after 1 month of standardized antihypertensive treatment as described in the methods section.