Table 1.
Characteristics of study participants (n = 48)
| Characteristics | Total |
|---|---|
| Age, y | 76.5 ± 8.0 |
| Male, n (%) | 21 (43.8) |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 24.4 ± 3.2 |
| Regular drinker, n (%) | 9 (18.8) |
| Current smoker, n (%) | 1 (2.1) |
| Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 12 (25.0) |
| Pre‐existing CVD, n (%) | 3 (6.3) |
| Fasting glucose, mg/dL | 99.8 ± 23.9 |
| Total cholesterol, mg/dL | 184.0 ± 33.4 |
| High‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, mg/dL | 56.7 ± 13.2 |
| Antihypertensive medications | |
| No. of antihypertension medication drugs, n | 2.0 ± 1.0 |
| Timing of antihypertensive medications | |
| After breakfast, n (%) | 38 (79.2) |
| After dinner, n (%) | 14 (29.2) |
| Before bedtime, n (%) | 2 (4.2) |
| BP measures | |
| Morning SBP, mm Hg | 131.2 ± 15.3 |
| Morning DBP, mm Hg | 76.5 ± 10.1 |
| Morning PR, bpm | 64.3 ± 11.2 |
| Before‐dinner SBP, mm Hg | 129.2 ± 17.3 |
| Before‐dinner DBP, mm Hg | 75.6 ± 11.3 |
| Before‐dinner PR, bpm | 69.0 ± 11.3 |
| At‐bedtime SBP, mm Hg | 120.7 ± 15.4 |
| At‐bedtime DBP, mm Hg | 70.3 ± 10.0 |
| At‐bedtime PR, bpm | 67.8 ± 10.4 |
CVD, coronary vascular disease; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; PR, pulse rate; SBP, systolic blood pressure; SD, standard deviation.
Data are expressed as the mean ± SD or number (%).