Table 1.
Demographic, Anthropometric, and Biochemical Characteristics of the Study Participants by Sex
| Characteristics | Total | Men | Women | P Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| (N=585) | (n=284) | (n=301) | ||
| Age, y | 44±11 | 45±11 | 44±10 | .051 |
| Education level, y in school | .001 | |||
| ≤4 | 110 (18.8) | 45 (15.85) | 65 (21.6) | |
| 5–12 | 100 (17.1) | 65 (22.9) | 35 (11.6) | |
| ≥13 | 375 (64.1) | 174 (61.3) | 201 (66.8) | |
| Socioeconomic class | .008 | |||
| Very low | 11 (1.9) | 3 (1.1) | 8 (2.7) | |
| Low | 87 (14.9) | 49 (17.3) | 38 (12.6) | |
| Middle | 153 (26.2) | 64 (22.5) | 89 (11.6) | |
| Upper‐middle | 132 (22.6) | 55 (19.4) | 77 (66.8) | |
| Upper | 202 (34.5) | 113 (39.8) | 89 (29.6) | |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 25.6 (5.4) | 24.0±4.2 | 27.2±5.9 | <.001 |
| WC, cm | 81.8±13.3 | 79.7±12.6 | 83.3±13.7 | <.001 |
| Glucose, mg/dL | 94±8 | 95±20 | 93±22 | .268 |
| Creatinine, mg/dL | 1.1±0.2 | 1.2±0.2 | 1.0±0.2 | .059 |
| Total cholesterol, mg/dL | 192±39 | 190±42 | 194±36 | .197 |
| Triglycerides, mg/dL | 100±40 | 102±41 | 99±38 | .318 |
| HDL cholesterol, mg/dL | 46±11 | 44±10 | 48±11 | <.001 |
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; HDL, high‐density lipoprotein; WC, waist circumference. Continuous values are expressed as the mean±standard deviation and were analyzed using Student t test for independent samples. Proportions, expressed as number of individuals (percentage), were analyzed using the chi‐square test.