Table 2.
Average home, clinic, 24‐h, daytime, and nighttime systolic and diastolic blood pressure levels, pulse pressure, and heart rate in untreated outpatients with masked hypertension stratified according to their dipping profile. Adjustments were made for the following covariates: age, gender, body mass index, and diabetes
| Parameters | Overall | Dippers | Nondippers | Reverse dippers | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unadjusted | Adjusted | |||||
| Home SBP (mm Hg) | 134.3 ± 16.6 | 129.2 ± 15.25*° | 137.8 ± 17.15* | 139.0 ± 16.9 | 0.089 | 0.578 |
| Home DBP (mm Hg) | 83.9 ± 10.0 | 82.2 ± 10.4 | 84.5 ± 10.1 | 86.8 ± 8.4 | 0.402 | 0.319 |
| Clinic SBP (mm Hg) | 130.3 ± 6.9 | 129.9 ± 6.6 | 131.0 ± 6.7 | 128.9 ± 8.2 | 0.424 | 0.516 |
| Clinic DBP (mm Hg) | 83.8 ± 5.2 | 84.6 ± 4.5 | 83.7 ± 4.8 | 81.8 ± 7.5 | 0.087 | 0.897 |
| Clinic PP (mm Hg) | 46.4 ± 8.4 | 45.3 ± 8.8 | 47.3 ± 7.6 | 47.2 ± 9.1 | 0.357 | 0.571 |
| Clinic HR (bpm) | 77.5 ± 12.2 | 74.5 ± 11.2 | 79.6 ± 10.2 | 80.5 ± 18.5 | 0.071 | 0.050 |
| 24‐h SBP (mm Hg) | 130.2 ± 7.1 | 128.2 ± 6.85*° | 130.4 ± 6.0 | 135.6 ± 8.5 | <0.001 | 0.016 |
| 24‐h DBP (mm Hg) | 80.8 ± 4.9 | 81.5 ± 4.1 | 80.5 ± 4.7 | 79.8 ± 7.1 | 0.274 | 0.667 |
| 24‐h PP (mm Hg) | 49.3 ± 8.7 | 46.6 ± 8.15*° | 49.9 ± 7.55* | 55.7 ± 10.5 | <0.001 | 0.027 |
| 24‐h HR (bpm) | 74.5 ± 8.7 | 75.4 ± 9.0 | 74.3 ± 8.9 | 72.2 ± 6.6 | 0.321 | 0.789 |
| Daytime SBP (mm Hg) | 133.3 ± 6.7 | 133.4 ± 6.9 | 132.7 ± 5.9 | 134.5 ± 8.3 | 0.573 | 0.638 |
| Daytime DBP (mm Hg) | 83.8 ± 5.8 | 85.8 ± 5.45*° | 82.9 ± 5.1 | 80.3 ± 7.0 | <0.001 | 0.003 |
| Daytime PP (mm Hg) | 49.5 ± 8.6 | 47.6 ± 8.45* | 49.8 ± 7.6 | 54.2 ± 10.2 | 0.008 | 0.322 |
| Daytime HR (bpm) | 77.5 ± 9.4 | 78.7 ± 9.7 | 77.3 ± 9.7 | 74.3 ± 6.8 | 0.171 | 0.713 |
| Nighttime SBP (mm Hg) | 122.4 ± 10.8 | 114.5 ± 7.75*° | 125.0 ± 6.35* | 138.2 ± 9.1 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| Nighttime DBP (mm Hg) | 73.0 ± 6.4 | 69.5 ± 4.75*° | 74.7 ± 5.45* | 78.9 ± 7.6 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| Nighttime PP (mm Hg) | 49.3 ± 9.5 | 45.0 ± 8.15*° | 50.3 ± 7.5* | 59.3 ± 11.3 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| Nighttime HR (bpm) | 67.2 ± 9.1 | 67.9 ± 9.5 | 66.4 ± 8.7 | 67.9 ± 9.6 | 0.635 | 0.663 |
bpm, beats per minute; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; HR, heart rate; MHT, masked hypertension; PP, pulse pressure; SBP, systolic blood pressure.
* P < 0.05 vs reverse dippers; °P < 0.05 vs non dippers.