TABLE 1. Distribution of death certificates with COVID-19 diagnosis* across five mutually exclusive categories defined by presence and classification of co-occurring diagnoses, by demographic characteristics, setting of death, and manner of death characteristics — National Center for Health Statistics, United States, January–December 2020.
| Characteristic | No. of death certificates | No. (row %) |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| COVID-19 only | COVID-19 and ≥1 chain-of-event condition only | COVID-19 and ≥1 significant contributing condition only | COVID-19 and ≥1 chain-of-event and ≥1 significant contributing condition | COVID-19 with no plausible chain-of-event or significant contributing condition | ||
|
Total
|
378,048
|
20,915 (5.5)
|
128,603 (34.0)
|
67,184 (17.8)
|
151,708 (40.1)
|
9,638 (2.5)
|
|
Age group, yrs
| ||||||
| <18 |
182 |
8 (4.4) |
70 (38.5) |
18 (9.9) |
22 (12.1) |
64 (35.2) |
| 18–29 |
1,426 |
77 (5.4) |
636 (44.6) |
167 (11.7) |
401 (28.1) |
145 (10.2) |
| 30–39 |
4,161 |
275 (6.6) |
1,712 (41.1) |
550 (13.2) |
1,371 (32.9) |
253 (6.1) |
| 40–49 |
11,053 |
660 (6.0) |
4,551 (41.2) |
1,408 (12.7) |
3,982 (36.0) |
452 (4.1) |
| 50–64 |
55,719 |
2,911 (5.2) |
22,788 (40.9) |
6,693 (12.0) |
21,666 (38.9) |
1,661 (3.0) |
| 65–74 |
80,705 |
3,841 (4.8) |
30,439 (37.7) |
10,756 (13.3) |
33,820 (41.9) |
1,849 (2.3) |
| 75–84 |
104,294 |
5,277 (5.1) |
34,784 (33.4) |
17,858 (17.1) |
44,179 (42.4) |
2,196 (2.1) |
| ≥85 |
120,508 |
7,866 (6.5) |
33,623 (27.9) |
29,734 (24.7) |
46,267 (38.4) |
3,018 (2.5) |
|
Sex
| ||||||
| Female |
172,615 |
10,007 (5.8) |
55,207 (32.0) |
35,525 (20.6) |
67,186 (38.9) |
4,690 (2.7) |
| Male |
205,423 |
10,907 (5.3) |
73,392 (35.7) |
31,658 (15.4) |
84,518 (41.1) |
4,948 (2.4) |
|
Race/Ethnicity
| ||||||
| Hispanic or Latino |
70,011 |
3,680 (5.3) |
28,035 (40.0) |
7,875 (11.2) |
29,016 (41.4) |
1,405 (2.0) |
| American Indian or Alaska Native, non-Hispanic |
4,460 |
266 (6.0) |
1,652 (37.0) |
501 (11.2) |
1,920 (43.0) |
121 (2.7) |
| Asian, non-Hispanic |
13,339 |
676 (5.1) |
5,352 (40.1) |
1,687 (12.6) |
5,331 (40.0) |
293 (2.2) |
| Black, non-Hispanic |
59,468 |
3,114 (5.2) |
21,065 (35.4) |
9,151 (15.4) |
24,688 (41.5) |
1,450 (2.4) |
| Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander, non-Hispanic |
679 |
20 (2.9) |
224 (33.0) |
73 (10.8) |
350 (51.5) |
12 (1.8) |
| White, non-Hispanic |
227,387 |
12,961 (5.7) |
71,227 (31.3) |
47,531 (20.9) |
89,379 (39.3) |
6,289 (2.8) |
| Multiracial, non-Hispanic |
1,123 |
43 (3.8) |
379 (33.7) |
165 (14.7) |
512 (45.6) |
24 (2.1) |
| Unknown |
1,581 |
155 (9.8) |
669 (42.3) |
201 (12.7) |
512 (32.4) |
44 (2.8) |
|
Setting of death
| ||||||
| Inpatient |
240,770 |
10,084 (4.2) |
103,475 (43.0) |
18,719 (7.8) |
104,250 (43.3) |
4,242 (1.8) |
| Outpatient/Emergency department |
12,851 |
830 (6.5) |
4,287 (33.4) |
2,411 (18.8) |
4,971 (38.7) |
352 (2.7) |
| Dead on arrival |
339 |
34 (10.0) |
98 (28.9) |
70 (20.6) |
122 (36.0) |
15 (4.4) |
| Decedent's home |
23,455 |
2,006 (8.6) |
3,634 (15.5) |
8,977 (38.3) |
7,579 (32.3) |
1,259 (5.4) |
| Hospice facility |
10,458 |
412 (3.9) |
2,722 (26.0) |
2,430 (23.2) |
4,612 (44.1) |
282 (2.7) |
| Nursing home/Long-term care facility |
82,843 |
6,986 (8.4) |
13,183 (15.9) |
31,904 (38.5) |
27,597 (33.3) |
3,173 (3.8) |
| Other |
7,163 |
549 (7.7) |
1,170 (16.3) |
2,612 (36.5) |
2,522 (35.2) |
310 (4.3) |
| Unknown |
169 |
14 (8.3) |
34 (20.1) |
61 (36.1) |
55 (32.5) |
5 (3.0) |
|
Manner of death
| ||||||
| Accidental |
2,080 |
0 (—) |
233 (11.2) |
890 (42.8) |
540 (26.0) |
417 (20.0) |
| Could not determine |
68 |
1 (1.5) |
16 (23.5) |
14 (20.6) |
19 (27.9) |
18 (26.5) |
| Homicide |
32 |
0 (—) |
6 (18.8) |
6 (18.8) |
6 (18.8) |
14 (43.8) |
| Natural |
344,307 |
20,399 (5.9) |
116,812 (33.9) |
63,981 (18.6) |
134,267 (39.0) |
8,848 (2.6) |
| Pending investigation |
52 |
7 (13.5) |
7 (13.5) |
9 (17.3) |
28 (53.8) |
1 (1.9) |
| Self-inflicted |
61 |
0 (—) |
8 (13.1) |
10 (16.4) |
4 (6.6) |
39 (63.9) |
| Missing | 31,448 | 508 (1.6) | 11,521 (36.6) | 2,274 (7.2) | 16,844 (53.6) | 301 (1.0) |
* International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision code U07.1.