Table 1.
Baseline characteristics
| Before matching | After matching | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fixed‐dose combination | Free combination | P‐value | Fixed‐dose combination | Free combination | P‐value | |
| (n = 18 227) | (n = 4876) | (n = 13 176) | (n = 4392) | |||
| Demographics | ||||||
| Male, n (%) | 9785 (53.7) | 2633 (54.0) | 0.707 | 6968 (52.9) | 2352 (53.6) | 0.453 |
| Age, mean (SD) | 58.72 (13.42) | 60.01 (14.20) | <0.001 | 58.79 (13.48) | 58.98 (13.80) | 0.420 |
| Age, n (%) | ||||||
| 18‐29 | 179 (1.0) | 47 (1.0) | <0.001 | 124 (0.9) | 46 (1.0) | 0.981 |
| 30‐39 | 1057 (5.8) | 269 (5.5) | 741 (5.6) | 251 (5.7) | ||
| 40‐49 | 3446 (18.9) | 897 (18.4) | 2621 (19.9) | 859 (19.6) | ||
| 50‐59 | 5397 (29.6) | 1287 (26.4) | 3727 (28.3) | 1235 (28.1) | ||
| 60‐69 | 3939 (21.6) | 1028 (21.1) | 2798 (21.2) | 935 (21.3) | ||
| >69 | 4209 (23.1) | 1348 (27.6) | 3165 (24.0) | 1066 (24.3) | ||
| Comorbidities, n (%) | ||||||
| Diabetes mellitus | 4293 (23.6) | 1166 (23.9) | 0.612 | 3040 (23.1) | 1021 (23.2) | 0.828 |
| Dyslipidemia | 3512 (19.3) | 984 (20.2) | 0.159 | 2534 (19.2) | 876 (19.9) | 0.311 |
| Chronic kidney disease | 919 (5.0) | 319 (6.5) | <0.001 | 585 (4.4) | 213 (4.8) | 0.277 |
| Coronary artery disease | 1599 (8.8) | 533 (10.9) | <0.001 | 1056 (8.0) | 383 (8.7) | 0.148 |
| Peripheral artery disease | 244 (1.3) | 78 (1.6) | 0.189 | 185 (1.4) | 64 (1.5) | 0.854 |
| Congestive heart failure | 570 (3.1) | 299 (6.1) | <0.001 | 73 (0.6) | 32 (0.7) | 0.235 |
| Charlson score, mean (SD) | 1.16 (1.56) | 1.28 (1.62) | <0.001 | 1.10 (1.51) | 1.14 (1.53) | 0.201 |
| Charlson score, n (%) | ||||||
| 0 | 9481 (52.0) | 2354 (48.3) | <0.001 | 7042 (53.4) | 2305 (52.5) | 0.563 |
| 1 | 2508 (13.8) | 710 (14.6) | 1752 (13.3) | 590 (13.4) | ||
| 2 | 3087 (16.9) | 838 (17.2) | 2243 (17.0) | 747 (17.0) | ||
| 3+ | 3151 (17.3) | 974 (20.0) | 2139 (16.2) | 750 (17.1) | ||
| Baseline medications, n (%) | ||||||
| Antiplatelet agents | 5350 (29.4) | 1586 (32.5) | <0.001 | 3754 (28.5) | 1308 (29.8) | 0.106 |
| Calcium channel blocker | 10 728 (58.9) | 3072 (63.0) | <0.001 | 8267 (62.7) | 2758 (62.8) | 0.964 |
| Beta‐blocker | 6954 (38.2) | 2065 (42.4) | <0.001 | 5217 (39.6) | 1731 (39.4) | 0.845 |
| Other antihypertensive drugs | 887 (4.9) | 351 (7.2) | <0.001 | 373 (2.8) | 114 (2.6) | 0.442 |
| Statins | 3778 (20.7) | 1057 (21.7) | 0.153 | 2671 (20.3) | 922 (21.0) | 0.315 |
| Oral antidiabetic agents | 4827 (26.5) | 1243 (25.5) | 0.168 | 3439 (26.1) | 1100 (25.0) | 0.173 |