Table 2.
Cognitive and arterial parameters
| Parameters | CKD 1, n = 44 | CKD 2, n = 47 | CKD 3, n = 25 | CKD 4, n = 35 | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cognitive | |||||
| Mini Mental State Examination (best score 30) | 21.8 ± 3.3 | 20.7 ± 4.8 | 20.5 ± 4.6 | 18.7 ± 6.7 | 0.08 |
| Clock‐test (best score 7) | 6.8 ± 0.5 | 6.6 ± 0.9 | 5.8 ± 1.1 | 5.3 ± 1.8 | <0.001 |
| Instrumental Activity of Daily Living (best score 9) | 9.8 ± 2.7 | 11.7 ± 3.9 | 14.1 ± 4.2 | 15.1 ± 5.7 | <0.001 |
| Arterial parameters | |||||
| Brachial blood pressure | |||||
| Systolic BP, (mm Hg) | 137.3 ± 9.8 | 139.4 ± 12.7 | 142.8 ± 12.8 | 137.2 ± 18.1 | 0.65 |
| Diastolic BP, (mm Hg) | 84.7 ± 9.8 | 81.8 ± 10.7 | 78.6 ± 22.4 | 77.4 ± 11.3 | 0.01 |
| Pulse pressure, (mm Hg) | 52.5 ± 12.2 | 57.5 ± 13.8 | 64.2 ± 22.4 | 59.8 ± 10.4 | 0.03 |
| Mean BP, (mm Hg) | 102.2 ± 10.3 | 101.9 ± 9.4 | 100.5 ± 10.3 | 97.3 ± 10.4 | 0.58 |
| Aortic blood pressure | |||||
| Systolic BP, (mm Hg) | 128.3 ± 14.8 | 128.1 ± 23.1 | 131.9 ± 13.3 | 130.2 ± 17.5 | 0.53 |
| Pulse pressure, (mm Hg) | 41.9 ± 12.8 | 47.7 ± 21.2 | 53.1 ± 17.2 | 53.4 ± 17.1 | 0.01 |
| Carotid blood pressure | |||||
| Systolic BP, (mm Hg) | 138.7 ± 16.5 | 140.6 ± 16.1 | 139.4 ± 14.2 | 137.9 ± 15.9 | 0.89 |
| Pulse pressure, (mm Hg) | 53.9 ± 15.9 | 58.1 ± 16.2 | 56.6 ± 17.4 | 60.1 ± 17.6 | 0.54 |
| cf‐PWVa, (m/s) | 6.3 ± 1.5 | 6.7 ± 1.8 | 6.1 ± 1.9 | 6.9 ± 2.3 | 0.97 |
| Augmentation index (%) | 26.8 ± 12.2 | 24.7 ± 11.2 | 25.8 ± 12.3 | 22.3 ± 12.8 | 0.21 |
P value represents ANOVA analysis for all groups.
cf‐PWV, carotid femoral pulse wave velocity; BP, blood pressure.
a
The cf‐PWV values are adjusted according to new instructions.