Table 5. Clinical, laboratory and histological characteristics of patients with IgA nephropathy presenting with nephrotic range proteinuria and sub-nephrotic proteinuria.
| Sub-nephrotic range proteinuria (n = 73) | Nephrotic range proteinuria (n = 57) | p | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Clinical Data | |||
| Age (Mean;SD) | 35.8 ±12.5 | 40.7 ±15.4 | 0.054 |
| Female: Male (n) | 44: 29 | 30:27 | 0.383 |
| Malay (%) | 39 (53.4) | 32 (56.1) | 0.758 |
| Hypertension (%) | 49 (67.1) | 35 (61.4) | 0.499 |
| SBP (mm Hg) (IQR) | 138 (126 to 153) | 137 (126 to 160) | 0.899 |
| DBP (mm Hg) (IQR) | 83 (73 to 98) | 80 (75 to 94) | 0.974 |
| MAP (mmHg) (IQR) | 101 (90 to 116) | 98 (93 to 113) | 0.931 |
| Symptomatic Presentation (%) | 18 (24.7) | 36 (63.2) | <0.001 |
| Laboratory Data at Biopsy | |||
| eGFR (ml/min/1.73m2) | 82.0 (56.0 to100.9) | 65.4(36.2 to 104.4) | 0.089 |
| Proteinuria (g/24 Hours) (IQR) | 1.5 (0.9 to 2.1) | 5.6 (3.9 to7.6) | <0.001 |
| MEST-C Lesion (%) | |||
| M1 (%) | 39 (53.4) | 26 (45.6) | 0.377 |
| E1(%) | 7 (9.6) | 6 (10.5) | 0.860 |
| S1(%) | 48 (65.6) | 40 (70.2) | 0.593 |
| T1 or T2(%) | 19 (26.0) | 14 (24.6) | 0.849 |
| C1 or C2(%) | 18 (24.7) | 16 (28.1) | 0.660 |
| Follow up Data | |||
| Duration of follow up (years) | 9 (4 to14) | 6 (3.5 to 10.5) | 0.033 |
| Treatment before Renal Biopsy | |||
| RAAS (%) | 17 (23.3) | 13 (22.8) | 0.949 |
| Steroid (%) | 2 (2.7) | 9 (15.8) | 0.008 |
| Treatment at Renal Biopsy | |||
| RAAS Blocker (%) | 62 (84.9) | 35 (61.4) | 0.002 |
| Any Immunosuppression (%) | 11 (15.1) | 41 (71.9) | <0.001 |
| Treatment 1-year post biopsy | |||
| RAAS Blocker (%) | 65 (89.0) | 49 (86.0) | 0.596 |
| Any Immunosuppression (%) | 16 (21.9) | 47 (82.5) | <0.001 |
| Treatment (overall follow up) | |||
| RAAS Blocker (%) | 69 (94.5) | 53 (93.0) | 0.729 |
| Any Immunosuppression (%) | 33 (45.2) | 51 (89.5) | <0.001 |
| Corticosteroid | 32 (43.8) | 51 (89.5) | <0.001 |
| Cyclophosphamide | 7 (9.6) | 28 (49.1) | <0.001 |
| Calcineurin Inhibitors | 11 (15.1) | 22 (38.6) | 0.002 |
| TA-Proteinuria (g/day) | 0.50 (0.29 to 0.90) | 1.26 (0.69 to 2.22) | <0.001 |
| Outcome | |||
| Rate of decline in eGFR (ml/min/1.73m2/year) | -2.1 (-5.6 to -0.7) | -2.6 (-5.1 to 1.5) | 0.335 |
| 50% decrease eGFR (%) | 24 (32.9) | 9 (15.8) | 0.026 |
| ESRD (<15ml/min/ min/1.73m2) | 11 (15.1) | 7 (12.3) | 0.648 |
| 50% decrease in eGFR or ESRD (%) | 24 (32.9) | 10 (17.5) | 0.048 |
SBP: systolic blood pressure, DBP: diastolic blood pressure, MAP: mean arterial pressure, TA: time average, MMF: Mycophenolate Mofetil, RAAS: renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, eGFR: estimated glomerular filtration rate, ESRD: End Stage Renal Disease.