Table 2.
Relationship Between PP and Cognitive Decline in CDR or MMSE
| Crudea | Adjustedb , c | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR (95% CI) | P Value | OR (95% CI) | P Value | |
| PP and CDR | ||||
| First | 1 | 5.9 (1.7–20.6) | .006 | |
| Second | 0.6 (0.3–1.4) | .257 | 2.9 (0.8–10.3) | .103 |
| Third | 0.3 (0.1–0.8) | .016 | 1 | |
| Fourth | 0.6 (0.3–1.5) | .325 | 3.5 (1.0–12.4) | .049 |
| PP and MMSE | ||||
| First | 1 | 2.7 (1.1–6.6) | .034 | |
| Second | 0.9 (0.4–1.8) | .679 | 2.0 (0.9–4.9) | .110 |
| Third | 0.4 (0.2–1.0) | .044 | 1 | |
| Fourth | 1.4 (0.7–2.8) | .360 | 3.3 (1.4–7.7) | .005 |
Abbreviations: CDR, clinical dementia rating scale; CI, confidence interval; MMSE, mini‐mental state examination; MTLA, medial temporal lobe atrophy; OR, odds ratio; PP, pulse pressure; VBR, ventricular brain ratio. First, second, third, and fourth refer to the four quartile groups of PP levels, from low (first) to high (fourth). For PP in CDR, quartile cutoff points were 56.0 mm Hg, 70.7 mm Hg, and 87.0 mm Hg, respectively. PP in MMSE were were 56.0 mm Hg, 71.0 mm Hg, and 87.0 mm Hg, respectively. aThe first quartile is used as a reference. bThe third quartile is used as a reference. cAdjustments for baseline CDR score, MTLA, age, and education (for PP and CDR). Adjustments for age, VBR, and education (for PP and MMSE).