Table 2.
Baseline Characteristics of Study Population by IAD
| Systolic IAD | Diastolic IAD | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ≤10 mm Hg (n=343) | >10 mm Hg (n=102) | P Value | ≤10 mm Hg (n=369) | >10 mm Hg (n=76) | P Value | |
| Age, y | 85±5.5 | 85±4.9 | .969 | 85±5.3 | 85±5.3 | .545 |
| SBP right hand, mm Hg | 133±21 | 139±24 | .005 | 134±22 | 137±19 | .244 |
| DBP right hand, mm Hg | 68±12 | 71±14 | .060 | 68±12 | 69±16 | .563 |
| Heart rate, beats per min | 73±14 | 74±15 | .733 | 73±14 | 76±15 | .058 |
| Systolic IAD, mm Hg | 4.6±3.1 | 17.7±8.0 | <.001 | 6.8±6.8 | 11.5±7.9 | <.001 |
| Diastolic IAD, mm Hg | 5.3±5.4 | 8.6±6.1 | <.001 | 4.04±2.9 | 15.8±5.9 | <.001 |
| Associated diseases | ||||||
| Hypertension, No. (%) | 272 (79) | 76 (75) | .304 | 294 (80) | 54 (71) | .097 |
| Diabetes, No. (%) | 136 (40) | 31 (30) | .090 | 136 (37) | 31 (41) | .519 |
| Ischemic heart disease, No. (%) | 112 (33) | 34 (33) | .898 | 121 (33) | 25 (33) | .986 |
| Stroke, No. (%) | 76 (22) | 19 (19) | .493 | 82 (22) | 13 (17) | .322 |
| Laboratory parameters | ||||||
| Serum creatinine, mg/dL | 1.13±0.69 | 1.10±0.51 | .669 | 1.12±0.68 | 1.13±0.54 | .943 |
| Serum glucose, mg/dL | 139±57 | 142±63 | .644 | 136±54 | 156±72 | .024 |
| Serum cholesterol, mg/dL | 164±37 | 168±65 | .622 | 167±46 | 156±39 | .199 |
| Serum HDL cholesterol, mg/dL | 48±15 | 51±16 | .320 | 49±16 | 47±12 | .382 |
| Serum LDL cholesterol, mg/dL | 92±29 | 83±25 | .079 | 91±28 | 85±33 | .304 |
| Treatment | ||||||
| β‐Blockers, No. (%) | 160 (47) | 44 (43) | .517 | 168 (46) | 36 (47) | .785 |
| α‐Blockers, No. (%) | 74 (22) | 21 (21) | .821 | 83 (23) | 12 (16) | .190 |
| Calcium antagonists, No. (%) | 141 (41) | 52 (51) | .081 | 159 (43) | 34 (45) | .806 |
| Diuretics, No. (%) | 124 (36) | 42 (41) | .367 | 129 (35) | 37 (49) | .025 |
| ACE inhibitor, No. (%) | 135 (40) | 42 (41) | .758 | 141 (38) | 36 (47) | .142 |
| ARB, No. (%) | 52 (15) | 21 (21) | .198 | 61 (17) | 12 (16) | .866 |
| Lipid‐lowering agents, No. (%) | 200 (58) | 58 (57) | .795 | 205 (56) | 53 (70) | .023 |
| Aspirin, No. (%) | 154 (45) | 49 (48) | .592 | 163 (44) | 40 (53) | .184 |
| Clopidogril, No. (%) | 49 (13) | 11 (15) | .755 | 71 (21) | 13 (13) | .070 |
Abbreviations: ACE, angiotensin‐converting enzyme; ARB, angiotensin receptor blocker; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; HDL, high‐density lipoprotein; IAD, inter‐arm blood pressure difference; LDL, low‐density lipoprotein; SBP, systolic blood pressure.