Table 1.
Clinical Characteristics of Study Patients
| Clinical Characteristics | All | Low Urinary NAG (≤5.8 U/g Cr) | High Urinary NAG (>5.8 U/g Cr) | P Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. | 233 | 133 | 100 | – |
| Age, y | 68.3±11.3 | 64.7±12.0 | 73.1±8.0 | <.001a |
| Female, % | 66.1 | 66.2 | 66.0 | .979 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 23.6±3.6 | 23.6±3.7 | 23.6±3.4 | .828 |
| Systolic blood pressure, mm Hg | 129.2±14.0 | 128.2±12.7 | 130.4±15.5 | .535 |
| Diastolic blood pressure, mm Hg | 78.2±9.9 | 78.6±9.3 | 77.7±10.7 | .493 |
| Mean blood pressure, mm Hg | 103.8±10.5 | 103.4±9.8 | 104.2±11.4 | .851 |
| Hypertension, % | 63.3 | 59.2 | 68.4 | .162 |
| Angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers, % | 33.2 | 28.7 | 39.0 | .100 |
| Heart rate, beats per min | 67.9±10.9 | 67.5±9.6 | 68.6±12.4 | .582 |
| HbA1c, % | 5.82±0.34 | 5.79±0.31 | 5.87±0.36 | .076 |
| 1,5‐Anhydroglucitol, μg/mL | 19.9±6.8 | 21.1±6.8 | 18.5±6.6 | .003b |
| Total cholesterol, mg/dL | 207.2±30.2 | 208.9±31.7 | 205.1±28.1 | .521 |
| High‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, mg/dL | 60.6±17.4 | 62.5±19.9 | 58.0±12.9 | .322 |
| Low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, mg/dL | 120.4±26.5 | 120.6±27.7 | 120.2±24.9 | .939 |
| Statin, % | 52.8 | 50.4 | 56.0 | .399 |
| White blood cell count, /μL | 5973.0±1307.3 | 5871.2±1279.9 | 6110.2±1337.8 | .243 |
| Serum albumin, g/dL | 4.42±0.27 | 4.47±0.25 | 4.36±0.28 | .001b |
| Uric acid, mg/dL | 5.29±1.38 | 5.45±1.50 | 5.06±1.17 | .074 |
| Serum creatinine, mg/dL | 0.72±0.17 | 0.70±0.16 | 0.75±0.18 | .143 |
| eGFR, mL/min/1.73 m2 | 71.5±15.9 | 74.1±15.4 | 68.0±16.1 | .003b |
| Urinary pH | 6.26±0.88 | 6.16±0.91 | 6.38±0.82 | .025b |
| Urinary NAG, mg/g·Cr | 6.01±3.68 | 3.72±1.32 | 9.09±3.60 | <.001a |
Abbreviations: Cr, creatinine; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin; NAG, N‐acetyl‐β‐D‐glucosaminidase. a P<.001. b P<.05. Data are expressed as mean±standard deviation.