Table 3. .
Proinflammatory Biomarkers and AGEs in the GCF of Study Groupsa
| Variables |
Nondiabetic Group |
T2DM Group |
P-Valueb |
| GCF flow rate, μL/min | 0.93 ± 0.38 | 0.97 ± 0.45 | .417 |
| TNF-α, pg/mL (range) | 85.61 (66.91–92.73) | 101.42 (89.65–114.27) | .737 |
| IL-6, pg/mL (range) | 47.18 (38.05–55.14) | 61.98 (49.82–72.47) | .507 |
| Ghrelin, ng/mL (range) | 76.52 (61.07–88.21) | 84.90 (79.58–99.72) | .923 |
| Resistin, ng/mL (range) | 15.52 (12.76–17.32) | 34.02 (29.41–38.54) | .034 |
| AGEs, pg/mL (range) | 228.42 (192.45–269.54) | 381.28 (340.81–411.57) | .017 |
| RANKL, pg/mL (range) | 1188.13 (1095.73–1165.65) | 1268.72 (1195.84–1342.44) | .248 |
a
AGE indicates advanced glycation end product; GCF, gingival crevicular fluid; IL, interleukin; RANKL, receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand; T2DM, type 2 diabetes mellitus; TNF, tumor necrosis factor.
b
P-value determined using Mann-Whitney U-test. Bold numbers indicate statistically significant difference between groups at P < .05.