Table 1. .

Eligibility Criteria for Patients Included in the Study

Inclusion Criteria	Exclusion Criteria
Female patients	Systemic disease or syndrome
Age 18 ± 3 y	Abnormalities in teeth size and/or shape
Full permanent dentition	Vertical, transverse, or anteroposterior skeletal discrepancies
Good general and oral health	History of previous orthodontic treatment
Severe crowding or protrusion requiring first premolars extractions	Anti-inflammatory medication