Extended Data Fig. 4. S-2HG promotes a quiescent state in ECs.
a, Gene ontology (GO) analysis showing top GO terms of genes that are downregulated in S-2HG-treated HUVECs as determined by RNA-seq analysis at 24h post treatment. DMSO-treated HUVECs were used as a control (Ctrl), (n=3 independent samples). b, Heatmap showing the top down-regulated genes in the transcriptome of HUVECs treated with S-2HG for 24h. Transcripts highlighted in red are cell-cycle and proliferation related genes. c, GSEA plots of cell division and cell cycle phase transition gene sets in the transcriptomes of HUVECs treated with S-2HG or solvent (Ctrl) for 24h. ES, enrichment score; NES, normalized enrichment score; FDR, false discovery rate. d, S-2HG decreases endothelial protein synthesis. Immunoblot analyses showing reduced incorporation of puromycin (PURO) into nascent polypeptide chains in whole-cell lysates of HUVECs treated with S-2HG or solvent (Ctrl) for 48h. Cycloheximide (CHX) stimulation was used as a positive control to block protein synthesis. Western blot data were from the respective experiment, processed in parallel, and are representative of at least three independent experiments. Unprocessed western blots are provided as source data.