Table 4.
Baseline thrombin generation parameters of plasma samples from pneumonia patients with or without COVID-19 and healthy controls. Values are expressed as median [IQR].
| TGA parameter | Activator | COVID-19 (N = 127) | SARS-CoV-2 negative (N = 24) | p | Healthy subjects (N = 12) & pool* | p (vs COVID-19) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lag-time (min) | TF (5 pM) | 3.83 [3.33–4.50] | 3.33 [3.00–3.79] | 0.009 | 3.36 [2.69–4.50] | 0.284 |
| Silica (1/16) | 3.00 [2.50–3.33] | 3.02 [2.67–3.36] | 0.527 | 3.33 [2.59–3.43] | 0.502 | |
| ETP (nM/min) | TF (5 pM) | 1263 [1101–1488] | 1506 [1235–1747] | 0.005 | 1169 [1092–1732] | 0.376 |
| Silica (1/16) | 1390 [1205–1610] | 1556 [1304–1851] | 0.011 | 1501 [1440–1732] | 0.144 | |
| Peak (nM) | TF (5 pM) | 224 [179–256] | 237.3 [206–269] | 0.037 | 119 [92–236] | 0.011 |
| Silica (1/16) | 191 [166–222] | 190.0 [172–225] | 0.696 | 171 [157–240] | 0.392 | |
| Tt Peak (min) | TF (5 pM) | 6.67 [6.00–7.67] | 6.20 [5.33–6.86] | 0.030 | 8.54 [5.36–11.67] | 0.226 |
| Silica (1/16) | 5.83 [5.17–6.50] | 6.00 [5.40–6.70] | 0.411 | 6.67 [5.60–6.85] | 0.141 | |
| Vel Index (nM/min) | TF (5 pM) | 79.3 [56.6–103.3] | 91.8 [70.8–111.9] | 0.139 | 23.1 [13.8–90.6] | 0.007 |
| Silica (1/16) | 67.0 [55.1–84.1] | 64.5 [58.3–83.9] | 0.800 | 49.7 [45.6–87.5] | 0.147 | |
| Ratio ETP sTM/No | TF (5 pM) | 0.86 [0.76–0.91] | 0.86 [0.82–0.89] | 0.706 | 0.63 [0.52–0.89] | 0.023 |
Bold values denote statistical significance at the p < 0.05 level.
*Plasma pool of 100 blood donors.
sTM soluble thrombomodulin, TF Tissue factor, TGA thrombin generation assay, Tt Peak time to peak, Vel Index velocity index.
P values were based on Mann–Whitney-U test.