Skip to main content
. 2021 Mar 26;9:585235. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.585235

Table 3.

SPTSS items and total mean scores and correlations with COVID-19 and war variables along with other variables.

Characteristic Avoidance Arousal Re-experience Total SPSS Score
Mean Std.
Dev.
P value Mean Std.
Dev.
P value Mean Std.
Dev.
P value Mean Std.
Dev.
P value
Gender
Male 1.8 1.8 <0.001 1.5 1.4 <0.001 0.8 1.3 <0.001 4.1 3.9 <0.001
Female 2.1 1.7 1.8 1.5 1.1 1.5 5 4.1
Change place of living due to war
No 1.9 1.7 <0.001 1.6 1.5 <0.001 1 1.4 0.001 4.5 4 <0.001
Within the same city 2.1 1.8 1.8 1.5 1.1 1.5 5 4.1
To another city 2.2 1.8 1.9 1.5 1.2 1.5 5.2 4.1
Distress from war noises
No 1.8 1.7 0.002 1.4 1.4 <0.001 0.8 1.3 <0.001 4.1 3.8 <0.001
Yes 2 1.7 1.8 1.5 1.1 1.5 4.9 4.1
Being a student
No 1.8 1.7 <0.001 1.6 1.5 <0.001 0.9 1.4 <0.001 4.4 4 <0.001
In a school 2.2 1.6 1.7 1.5 1.3 1.5 5.1 3.9
In a university of high institute 2.1 1.8 1.8 1.5 1.1 1.5 5 4.1
Education
Elementary 1.5 1.8 0.006 1.4 1.6 <0.001 0.9 1.5 0.002 4 4.6 <0.001
Until grade 9 1.9 1.7 1.5 1.5 1.2 1.4 4.7 4
High School 2.1 1.7 1.7 1.5 1.1 1.5 5 4
University, or high institute 2 1.8 1.7 1.5 1 1.5 4.8 4.1
Master or higher 1.8 1.7 1.4 1.4 0.8 1.3 4 3.8
House that you currently live in
Owned 1.9 1.7 <0.001 1.6 1.5 0.001 1 1.5 0.089 4.6 4 0.001
Rented or given by the government 2.1 1.8 1.8 1.5 1.1 1.5 5 4.1
Living in friends\relatives house 2.1 1.8 1.8 1.5 1.1 1.5 5.1 4
Chronic Medical Condition
No 1.9 1.7 <0.001 1.6 1.5 <0.001 0.9 1.4 <0.001 4.4 3.9 <0.001
Hypertension 1.9 1.9 1.6 1.6 1.1 1.6 4.7 4.5
Diabetes 1.5 1.8 1.6 1.6 1 1.4 4.4 4.3
Asthma 2.6 1.8 2.2 1.6 1.5 1.6 6.3 4.3
Other 2.5 1.8 2.2 1.6 1.5 1.6 6.2 4.3
Two or more 2.3 1.8 2 1.6 1.4 1.7 5.8 4.4
Chronic Condition With Housemates
No 1.8 1.7 <0.001 1.6 1.5 <0.001 0.9 1.4 <0.001 4.3 3.8 <0.001
Hypertension 2 1.7 1.6 1.5 1 1.4 4.6 4
Diabetes 1.9 1.7 1.6 1.5 0.9 1.4 4.4 3.9
Asthma 2.2 1.8 1.9 1.5 1.5 1.6 5.7 4.1
Other 2.2 1.9 2 1.6 1.3 1.6 5.6 4.4
Two or more 2.2 1.8 1.9 1.5 1.1 1.5 5.2 4.2
Marital Status
Single 2.1 1.7 <0.001 1.7 1.5 0.002 1.1 1.5 0.009 4.8 4 <0.001
In a relationship 2.1 1.8 2 1.5 1.2 1.5 5.2 4.1
Married 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.5 0.9 1.4 4.3 3.9
Divorced 1.8 1.9 1.5 1.4 1.1 1.5 4.3 4.3
Engaged 2.2 1.9 1.7 1.5 1.1 1.6 5 4.3
Widowed 2.6 2.2 1.8 1.5 1.4 1.5 5.8 4.5
Smoking cigarette or shisha
I was not a smoker and did not start 2 1.7 0.001 1.7 1.5 0.001 1 1.4 <0.001 4.7 3.9 <0.001
I used to smoke one of them but now I smoke both 2.8 2 2.4 1.6 1.7 1.7 6.9 4.5
Yes I am smoking now and before COVID 19 2 1.8 1.7 1.5 1.1 1.5 4.8 4.2
I started smoking cigarettes 2.2 2.3 1.3 1.5 1 1.5 4.6 5
I started Shisha 2.4 2.1 1.8 1.7 1.4 1.8 5.6 5
Smoking Changes From COVID-19
Stopped smoking 1.9 1.6 <0.001 1.7 1.5 <0.001 0.8 1.3 <0.001 4.5 4 <0.001
Almost the same 1.8 1.7 1.5 1.5 0.9 1.4 4.2 4
Increased dramatically 2.5 2 2.2 1.6 1.5 1.7 6.2 4.6
Decreased dramatically 2 1.7 1.7 1.5 1 1.4 4.8 3.9
Monthly Income adequacy
It cannot cover buying the essentials 2.3 1.8 <0.001 1.9 1.6 <0.001 1.3 1.6 <0.001 5.6 4.3 <0.001
It is only enough for essentials from food and drink 1.9 1.7 1.7 1.5 1 1.4 4.6 3.9
It is enough for essentials and other things 1.7 1.7 1.5 1.5 0.9 1.4 4.1 3.9
Have you been suspected of having COVID-19
No symptoms or signs 2 1.7 0.005 1.7 1.5 0.002 1 1.5 0.034 4.7 4 0.001
Yes, has some possible symptoms, but no diagnosis 2.5 1.9 2.2 1.6 1.4 1.7 6.2 4.4
Yes, I was diagnosed with COVID-19 by a doctor 1 . 3 . 1 . 5 .
Exposed to someone likely to have COVID-19
No 2 1.7 <0.001 1.7 1.5 <0.001 1 1.4 <0.001 4.7 4 <0.001
Yes, has some possible symptoms, but no diagnosis by doctor 2.5 1.8 2.2 1.6 1.3 1.6 6 4.3
Yes, with someone was diagnosed by a doctor 3.3 2.2 2.5 1.4 2.4 2 8.2 4.2
Anyone in your family been diagnosed with COVID-19
No 2 1.7 0.339 1.7 1.5 0.252 1 1.5 0.111 4.7 4 0.141
Yes, non-household member 2.4 1.9 2.2 1.5 1.7 1.9 6.4 4.9
Yes, member of household 2.3 1.6 1.7 1.5 1.1 1.3 5.1 3.3
Happened because of COVID-19:
Fallen ill physically
No 1.9 1.7 <0.001 1.6 1.5 <0.001 1 1.4 <0.001 4.5 4 <0.001
To a family member 2.4 1.9 2.1 1.5 1.4 1.6 6 4.3
To a housemate 2.4 1.9 2 1.7 1.3 1.6 5.8 4.4
To you 2.5 1.8 2.2 1.6 1.6 1.7 6.5 4.3
Hospitalized
No 2 1.7 0.117 1.7 1.5 0.274 1 1.5 0.053 4.7 4 0.064
To a family member 2.4 2 2 1.6 1.4 1.7 5.8 4.7
To a housemate 2.6 2 2 1.8 1.6 1.9 6.2 5.1
To you 2.3 2.3 1.7 1.4 1.4 1.7 5.5 4.7
Self-quarantine with symptoms
No 2 1.7 <0.001 1.7 1.5 0.025 1 1.5 0.001 4.7 4 <0.001
To a family member 4 2.2 3 1.4 2.7 1.3 9.7 4.6
To a housemate 3.2 1.9 2.1 1.7 1.9 1.8 7.3 4.9
To you 3.3 2.1 2.3 1.6 1.6 2.1 7.1 4.6
Self-quarantine without symptoms
No 2 1.7 0.013 1.7 1.5 0.025 1 1.5 0.001 4.7 4 0.004
To a family member 2.6 1.8 2.7 1.3 1.5 1.6 6.8 4.4
To a housemate 3.5 1.8 1.9 1.7 2 1.7 7.4 4.3
To you 2.5 1.4 2.4 1.8 2.4 1.8 7.3 4.5
Lost Job
No 1.8 1.7 <0.001 1.6 1.5 <0.001 1 1.4 <0.001 4.4 4 <0.001
To a family member 2.2 1.7 1.9 1.5 1.2 1.5 5.4 4
To a housemate 2 1.7 2.1 1.6 1.5 1.7 5.8 4.4
To you 2.1 1.8 1.9 1.5 1 1.4 5.1 4.1
Two of the previous 2.4 1.7 1.8 1.5 1.1 1.5 5.4 3.9
All of the previous 2.9 1.7 2.1 1.6 1.5 1.7 6.4 4.5
Reduced ability to earn money
No 1.8 1.7 <0.001 1.5 1.5 <0.001 0.9 1.4 <0.001 4.3 4 <0.001
To a family member 2.3 1.7 2 1.5 1.2 1.5 5.4 4
To a housemate 2.1 1.8 2.2 1.6 1.5 1.6 5.9 4.4
To you 2.1 1.8 1.9 1.6 1.1 1.4 5.1 4.1
Two of the previous 2.4 1.7 1.9 1.5 1.2 1.5 5.5 4
All of the previous 2.7 1.7 2.2 1.6 1.6 1.7 6.4 4.4
Passed away
No 2 1.7 <0.001 1.7 1.5 <0.001 1 1.5 <0.001 4.7 4 <0.001
To a family member 3.3 2 2.9 1.6 2.1 1.9 8.3 4.9
To a housemate 3.8 1.7 2.2 1.9 2 2.1 8 5.1
How worried have you been from:
Being infected
Not at all 1.8 1.8 <0.001 1.4 1.4 <0.001 0.9 1.4 <0.001 4.1 4 <0.001
Slightly 1.8 1.6 1.5 1.4 0.9 1.3 4.2 3.7
Moderately 2.1 1.7 1.8 1.5 1.1 1.4 5 3.9
Very 2.9 1.8 2.6 1.5 1.8 1.8 7.3 4.3
Friends or family being infected
Not at all 1.5 1.8 <0.001 1.3 1.3 <0.001 0.7 1.3 <0.001 3.5 3.8 <0.001
Slightly 1.7 1.7 1.3 1.4 0.8 1.3 3.8 3.7
Moderately 1.9 1.7 1.6 1.4 0.9 1.4 4.5 3.8
Very 2.4 1.8 2.1 1.5 1.4 1.6 5.9 4.2
Your work will be negatively affected
Not at all 1.7 1.7 <0.001 1.5 1.4 <0.001 0.9 1.4 <0.001 4.1 3.8 <0.001
Slightly 1.8 1.7 1.5 1.4 0.9 1.4 4.3 3.8
Moderately 2 1.8 1.6 1.4 0.9 1.4 4.5 3.9
Very 2.5 1.8 2.1 1.6 1.4 1.6 6.1 4.4
Your studies will be negatively affected
Not at all 1.8 1.7 <0.001 1.6 1.5 <0.001 0.9 1.4 <0.001 4.3 3.8 <0.001
Slightly 1.8 1.6 1.5 1.4 0.9 1.4 4.1 3.8
Moderately 2 1.7 1.6 1.5 1 1.4 4.6 3.9
Very 2.6 1.8 2.2 1.6 1.5 1.6 6.2 4.3
Providing food will be affected
Not at all 1.5 1.6 <0.001 1.3 1.4 <0.001 0.8 1.3 <0.001 3.6 3.6 <0.001
Slightly 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.4 0.8 1.3 4 3.6
Moderately 2.1 1.8 1.7 1.5 1 1.4 4.9 3.9
Very 2.7 1.8 2.3 1.6 1.6 1.7 6.5 4.3
Are you committed to quarantine
I do not go out at all 2.2 1.8 <0.001 1.8 1.5 <0.001 1.2 1.5 <0.001 5.2 4.2 <0.001
Only for essentials 1.9 1.7 1.7 1.5 1 1.4 4.6 4
Reduced my going out 1.8 1.7 1.6 1.5 1 1.4 4.4 4
Have not changed at all 2 2 1.7 1.6 1.1 1.5 4.9 4.4
Quality of your relationships with your friends
A lot better 1.7 1.4 <0.001 1.6 1.5 <0.001 0.8 1.4 <0.001 4 3.4 <0.001
A little better 2 1.7 1.8 1.6 1.1 1.5 4.8 4.2
About the same 1.8 1.7 1.6 1.5 0.9 1.4 4.3 3.8
A little worse 2.5 1.8 2.1 1.6 1.4 1.6 6.1 4.3
A lot worse 2.8 1.9 2.2 1.6 1.7 1.8 6.7 4.6
Quality of your relationships with your housemates
A lot better 1.6 1.5 <0.001 1.5 1.4 <0.001 0.8 1.3 <0.001 3.9 3.5 <0.001
A little better 1.9 1.7 1.6 1.5 1 1.4 4.6 3.9
About the same 1.8 1.7 1.5 1.5 0.9 1.3 4.2 3.9
A little worse 2.7 1.7 2.4 1.5 1.5 1.6 6.6 4.1
A lot worse 3.5 1.7 3.1 1.4 2.3 1.8 8.9 4.3
Quality of the relationships between you and members of your family
A lot better 1.5 1.4 <0.001 1.5 1.4 <0.001 0.8 1.2 <0.001 3.8 3.3 <0.001
A little better 1.9 1.7 1.6 1.4 1 1.4 4.5 3.8
About the same 1.9 1.7 1.6 1.5 0.9 1.4 4.4 3.9
A little worse 2.6 1.8 2.2 1.5 1.5 1.7 6.3 4.2
A lot worse 3 1.8 2.6 1.7 2 1.8 7.6 4.6
Quality of your relationships with your Partner
A lot better 1.6 1.7 <0.001 1.6 1.5 <0.001 0.9 1.4 <0.001 4.1 3.9 <0.001
A little better 1.9 1.7 1.8 1.5 1.1 1.5 4.8 4.1
About the same 1.6 1.7 1.5 1.5 0.8 1.3 4 3.8
A little worse 2.6 1.8 2.2 1.5 1.4 1.6 6.2 4.1
A lot worse 3.3 1.8 2.8 1.6 2.3 1.8 8.5 4.4
Drugs increases after COVID-19
No drugs 1.8 1.7 <0.001 1.5 1.4 <0.001 0.8 1.3 <0.001 4.2 3.8 <0.001
Analgesics and NSAIDS 2.4 1.9 2.1 1.6 1.5 1.7 6 4.4
OTC flu medications 1.9 1.7 1.8 1.5 1.2 1.5 4.9 4.1
Hypnotics 3.3 1.7 3.1 1.5 2.7 1.9 9.2 4
Antibiotics 2.3 1.6 2.1 1.5 1.3 1.7 5.8 4
Other 2.3 2 2.1 1.5 1.2 1.5 5.6 4.2
2 drugs 2.4 1.8 2.2 1.6 1.7 1.7 6.3 4.4
3 drugs or more 1.9 2 2.5 1.7 1.5 1.8 5.9 5.1
Drugs increases for your family
No drugs 1.9 1.7 <0.001 1.6 1.5 <0.001 0.9 1.4 <0.001 4.4 3.9 <0.001
Analgesics and NSAIDS 2.3 1.8 2 1.6 1.3 1.6 5.6 4.2
OTC flu medications 2 1.7 1.8 1.4 1 1.4 4.9 3.9
Hypnotics 2.4 1.4 2.5 1.3 1.5 1.3 6.5 2.9
Antibiotics 2.7 1.7 2.4 1.5 1.8 1.7 6.8 4.2
Other 2.2 1.9 2 1.5 1.3 1.5 5.5 4.1
2 drugs 2.1 1.6 1.8 1.5 1.2 1.4 5.1 4.1
3 drugs or more 2.5 1.3 2.3 1.8 1.5 1.9 6.3 4