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. 2021 Mar 26;11:590202. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.590202

Table 1.

Statistically different phyla, families, and genera (16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing) found in fecal samples of infants at 6 months of age (T2).

Taxon metadata feature value coef Stderr N pval qval [factor] IQR (median) [factor] IQR (median)
[CS] [VD]
Phylum Delivery Bacteroidetes VD 0.85 0.36 53 0.021 0.209 0.38–0.87 (0.45) 0.44–37.1 (14.86)
(FB) (nFB)
Family Firstborn Clostridiales
Incertae Sedis XIII
nFB −0.12 0.03 53 0.001 0.108 0.01–0.01 (0.01) 0.00–0.01 (0.01)
Firstborn Clostridiaceae nFB −0.50 0.16 53 0.003 0.130 0.31–4.06 (0.81) 0.19–0.55 (0.23)
Firstborn Peptostreptococcaceae nFB −0.62 0.19 53 0.002 0.130 0.04–0.88 (0.32) 0.02–0.08 (0.04)
Firstborn Planctomycetaceae nFB 0.10 0.03 53 0.003 0.130 ND* 0.00–0.01 (0.00)
[EBF] [NeBF]
Feeding Ruminococcaceae NeBF 0.63 0.15 53 <0.0001 0.011 0.12–0.22 (0.15) 0.19–2.19 (1.41)
Genus Delivery Propionibacterium VD −0.22 0.05 53 <0.001 0.031 [CS]
0.00–0.01 (0.00)
[VD]
ND*
Delivery Thiomicrospira VD −0.15 0.04 53 <0.001 0.031 0.00–0.01 (0.01) ND*
Delivery Streptacidiphilus VD −0.23 0.07 53 0.002 0.210 0.00–0.02 (0.01) 0.00–0.01 (0.00)
[EBF] [NeBF]
Feeding Flavonifractor NeBF 0.99 0.25 53 <0.001 0.112 0.00–0.01 (0.00) 0.01–1.25 (0.06)
Feeding Erysipelotrichaceae
Incertae Sedis
NeBF 0.79 0.25 53 0.003 0.218 0.01–0.01 (0.01) 0.01-1.24 (0.09)
Feeding Romboutsia NeBF 0.59 0.18 53 0.002 0.218 0.00–0.01 (0.00) 0.00–0.22 (0.02)
Feeding Staphylococcus NeBF −0.51 0.17 53 0.003 0.218 0.01–0.15 (0.02) 0.00–0.01 (0.01)
Feeding Faecalicoccus NeBF 0.21 0.06 53 0.002 0.218 ND* 0.00–0.01 (0.00)
Feeding Sulfurimonas NeBF 0.15 0.05 53 0.003 0.218 0.00–0.01 (0.00) 0.01–0.01 (0.01)
Feeding Clostridium_IV NeBF 0.47 0.16 53 0.005 0.232 0.01–0.04 (0.01) 0.02–0.11 (0.06)
Feeding Oribacterium NeBF 0.22 0.08 53 0.005 0.232 0.01–0.02 (0.01) 0.02–0.03 (0.02)

VD, vaginal delivery; CS, caesarean section; EBF, exclusive breastfed; NeBF, combined or exclusive formula-feeding; FB, first-born; nFB, not first-born; IQR, interquartile range (25th–75th percentile). *ND: not detected within all samples belonging to the considered group.