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Western blot detection of α-SMA, TGF-β1, and Smad3 protein expression in the four groups of cells. ADSCs-EXO may inhibit the proliferation, migration, and collagen synthesis of KFs by inhibiting the expression of TGF-β1/Smad pathway, and promote the apoptosis of KFs, thus reducing scar formation. In the future, ADSCs-EXO is expected to be one of the means of scar intervention.
