Table 1. Summary of the studies included in the systematic review.
| Author, Year | Type of Study |
Property | n | Materials Used | Results | Microbes Tested |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Saengmee-Anupharb et al [10] (2013) |
In vitro | A | 3 per group | AgZ, AgZrPSi, AgZrP | All inorganic materials with silver had antimicrobial effects. |
S. mutans, L. casei, C. albicans, S. aureus |
|
Cinar et al [14] (2008) |
In vitro | A | 5 per material | GIC (Endion), AgZ | AgZ increased the antimicrobial effects | S. milleri, S. aureus, E. faecalis |
|
Can-Karabulut et al [21] (2010) |
In vitro | M | 10 per material | GIC, zeolite, bone hydroxyapatite, provisional cement | Bond strength decreased with zeolite in cement. | N/A |
|
Chung et al [20] (2001) |
RCT | M | 10 per subgroup | Ketac-Endo, KT-308, ZUT | ZUT and KT-308 showed highest bond strength. | N/A |
|
Ghatole et al [28] (2016) |
In vitro | A | 3 per group | MTA, AgZ, CHX | MTA with AgZ showed the greatest efficacy against E. faecalis. | E. faecalis |
|
Ghivari et al [25] (2017) |
In vitro | A | 5 per material | Na Hypochlorite, Octenidine, AgZ | AgZ showed the least antimicrobial effectiveness. | E. faecalis, S. aureus, C. albicans |
|
Hotta et al [3] (1998) |
In vitro | B | 6 per group |
Ag-Zn-Zeolite, SiO2 filler and urethane acrylate paste |
Ag-Zn-Ze inhibited S. mutans and S. mitis but not S. salivarius or S. sanguis. |
S. mutans, S. mitis, S. salivarius, S. sanguis |
|
Kawahara et al [4] (2000) |
In vitro | A | 6 per group | Zeomic, AgZ | AgZ inhibited microbial growth under anaerobic conditions. |
P. gingivalis actinomycetemcomitans, S. mutans, A. viscosus, S. aureus |
|
Kim et al [16] (2016) |
In vitro | B | N/S | CHX-loaded zeolite nanoparticles, GIC | GIC + CHX/Zeolite inhibited S. mutans. No decrease in compressive or bond strength | S. mutans |
|
Kuroki et al [37] (2010) |
In vitro | A | 6 per material |
self-cured acrylic resin (UNIFAST III), zeomic, bactekiller, novaron |
Adding zeomic decreased S. mutans | S. mutans |
|
Lee et al [13] (2007) |
In vitro | B | N/S | Zeomic, GIC | Zeomic improved antimicrobial properties. Below 3% wt retained compressive strength. | S. mutans |
|
Li et al [23] (2020) |
RCT | A | N/S |
EMT nano-zeolites, silver ions, dental adhesive (ASB2) |
Inhibited biofilm growth/attachment. |
S. mutans, S. gordonii, S. sanguinis |
|
Mabrouk et al [15] (2013) |
In vitro | A | N/S | ZnZ, AgZ, GIC | Adding ZnZ or AgZ to GIC inhibited bacteria. |
B. subtilis, C. albicans, E. coli, S. aureus |
|
Padachey et al [18] (2000) |
In vitro | A | 10 per group | GIC, gutta percha, ZUT | ZUT was not more effective than GIC. But gutta percha improved the resistance to bacterial ingress. | E. faecalis |
|
Partoazar et al [11] (2019) |
In vitro | A | N/S | nano-ZnO zeolite, ZnO zeolite | NanoZnO/zeolite was effective in inhibiting E. faecalis biofilm | E. faecalis |
|
Cinar et al [29] (2013) |
In vitro | M | 3 per material | MTA powder, AgZ | Adding AgZ to MTA didn't decrease physio-chemical properties. | N/A |
|
El-Guindy et al [24] (2010) |
In vitro | M |
30 per group, 10 per subgroup |
Rely X Unicem, G bond, ZnZ | Pretreatment of dentin with G bond and ZnZ increased bond strength between dentin/alloy. | N/A |
|
Ghasemi et al [30] (2019) |
In vitro | M | 20 per group | MTA powder, 2% Ag-Zn-Ze composite | MTA with 2% Ag-Zn-Ze decreased push-out bond strength. | N/A |
|
Ghatole et al [26] (2016) |
In vitro | A | 4 per group | Calcium hydroxide, AgZ, 2% CHX | AgZ in calcium hydroxide increased antimicrobial activity | E. faecalis |
|
Casemiro et al [40] (2008) |
In vitro | B | 10 per group | Microwave-polymerized acrylic resin, Heat-polymerized resins, AgZ | Acrylic resin with Ag-Zn-Ze increased antimicrobial effects. | C. albicans and S. mutans |
|
Malic et al [38] (2019) |
In vitro | A | 6 per group | Dental acrylics, AgZ, Na-zeolite | Adding zeolite to dental acrylics increased antimicrobial effect. | S. mutans, F. nucleatum, C. albicans |
|
Odabas et al [27] (2011) |
In vitro | A | 5 per group | AgZ, MTA | MTA with zeolite increased antimicrobial effects except against P. intermedia and A. israelii. |
S. aureus, E. faecalis, E. coli, , C. albicans, P. gingivalis, C. A. israelii, P. intermedia |
|
Patel et al [17] (2000) |
In vitro | A | 108 per group | KT-308, Zeomic | Regardless of concentration, all ZUT inhibited E. faecalis at 15 hours. | E. Faecalis |
|
Sandomierski et al [22] (2019) |
In vitro | M | 10 per material |
Zeolite filler, diazonium cation methacrylic resin-based composite |
Diazonium-modified zeolite fillers improved compressive and flexural strength. | N/A |
|
Saravanan et al [32] (2015) |
In vitro | A | 30 patients | AgZ, soft liners | Soft liner with AgZ inhibited bacterial growth | c. albicans, gram negative bacteria |
|
Tamanai-Shacoor et al [12] (2014) |
In vitro | B | 3 per group | AgZ, ASCOP | AgZ with ASCOP inhibited P. gingivalis but not S. gordonii growth. | P. gingivalis, S. gordonii |
|
Naji et al [34] (2017) |
In vitro | M | 10 per group | Sodalite, alumina, ZTA, glass | Sodalite-infiltrated ceramics had higher shear bond strength than glass-infiltrated. | N/A |
|
Naji et al [35] (2018) |
In vitro | M | 20 per group | KBr-Sodalite, porous alumina, ZTA | Increasing sintering temp of SOD-ZTA/A increased hardness and bond strength. | N/A |
|
Naji et al [33] (2016) |
In vitro | M | 10 per group | sodalite, zeolite-infiltrated alumina (IA-SOD), ZTA, glass | Sodalite-infiltrated ZTA had increased fracture toughness. | N/A |
|
Naji et al [36] (2016) |
In vitro | M | 10 per group | Sodalite, alumina, ZTA, glass | Sodalite infiltrated alumina and ZTA were in the acceptable range of hardness and flexural strength. | N/A |
|
Yadav et al [41] (2015) |
In vitro | M | 10 per group |
Fluconazole, CHX Gluconate, Ag-Zn-Ze, PMMA |
Flexural strength decreased significantly | N/A |
|
Nakanoda et al [39] (1995) |
In vitro | B | 4 per group | Zeomic, acrylic resin | Tensile and bending strength decreased in zeolite containing resin, | C. albicans |
|
Samiei et al [31] (2017) |
In vitro | M | 15 per group | MTA, 2% Ag-Zn-Ze | Mixing MTA with 2% Ze-Ag-Zn decreased compressive strength. | N/A |
|
Wang et al [42] (2011) |
In vitro | A | 3 per material | Titanium alloy, AgZ, ZTA, AgZ titanium alloy | Zeolite coating on implant reduced bacterial growth | S. aureus |
|
McDougall et al [19] (1999) |
In vitro | A | 10 per group | ZUT, Kerr sealer, KT-308, gutta percha | E. faecalis penetration increased in canals filled with ZUT | E. faecalis |
|
Abbreviations: N/S: Not Stated; N/A: Not Applicable; A: Antimicrobial; M: Mechanical; B: Both Antimicrobial and Mechanical; PMMA: Polymethylmethacrylate; ZTA: Zirconium Toughened Alumina; AgZ: Silver-Incorporated Zeolite; ZnZ: Zinc-Incorporated Zeolite; Ag-Zn-Ze: Silver-Zinc-Incorporated Zeolite; MTA: Mineral Trioxide Aggregate; GIC: Glass Ionomer Cement; CHX: chlorhexidine; ZUT: AgZ with KT-308 GIC; Zeomic: a synthetic AgZ; ASCOP: polyphenol-rich extract of A. nodosum | ||||||