Table 1.
Clinical, cytogenetics and molecular genetics characteristic of 207 analyzed AML patients
| Parameter |
FLT3-ITD (n = 58) |
FLT3-TKD (n = 16) |
FLT3wtAML (n = 133) |
P valuea |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Male | 23 (39.7) | 12 (75) | 80 (60.2) | 0.009 |
| Age | 48 (14–73) | 41 (14–76) | 45 (15–76) | 0.367 |
| WBC at diagnosis, × 109/L | 72.9 (2.3–405.1) | 68.2 (1.8–251.1) | 24.2 (0.57–311.0) | 0.000 |
| Blasts in BM, % | 65.9 (22.0–95.6) | 55.5 (30.8–94.0) | 56.0 (14.4–94.5) | 0.040 |
| FAB subtype, n (%) | 0.983 | |||
| M0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| M1 | 3 (5.2) | 1 (6.3) | 4 (3.0) | |
| M2 | 16 (27.6) | 5 (31.3) | 38 (28.6) | |
| M4 | 20 (34.5) | 6 (37.5) | 41 (30.8) | |
| M5 | 14 (24.1) | 4 (25.0) | 36 (27.1) | |
| M6 | 2 (34) | 0 | 5 (3.8) | |
| Unclassified | 1 (1.7) | 0 | 6 (4.5) | |
| Secondary-AML | 2 (3.4) | 0 | 3 (2.3) | |
| Cytogenetics, n (%) (n = 197) | ||||
| Normal karyotypes | 35 (64.8) | 6 (40.0) | 62 (48.4) | 0.079 |
| Aberrant karyotypes | 19 (35.2) | 9 (60.9) | 66 (51.6) | |
| Gene Mutationc, n (%) | ||||
| NPM1 | 28 (53.8)& | 4 (25) | 20 (15.3) | 0.000 |
| DNMT3A | 18 (34.6)& | 4 (25) | 17(13.0) | 0.003 |
| RUNX1 | 1 (1.7) | 1 (6.3) | 8 (6.1) | 0.492 |
| KIT | 3 (5.8) | 0 (0) | 6 (4.6) | 0.623 |
| RAS | 1 (1.9)& | 1 (6.3) | 27 (20.6) | 0.003 |
| PTPN11 | 5 (9.6) | 1 (6.3) | 6 (6.3) | 0.435 |
| TET2 | 6 (11.5) | 1 (6.3) | 10 (7.6) | 0.656 |
| IDH1/2 | 5 (19.6) | 3 (18.8) | 20 (15.3) | 0.522 |
| CEBPA | 2 (3.8)& | 0 (0) | 26 (19.8) | 0.005 |
| ASXL1 | 2 (3.8) | 2 (12.5) | 13 (9.9) | 0.348 |
| TP53 | 0 (0)& | 1/16 (6.3) | 8 (6.1) | 0.189 |
| Methylation-related genesb | 23 (44.2) | 6 (37.5) | 42 (32.1) | 0.297 |
| Number of mutations | 3.2 (1–7)& | 3.6 (1–6) | 2.7 (0–8) | 0.022 |
| CR after two cycles of induction | 29/46 (63) | 10/14 (71.4) | 100/113 (88.5) | 0.001 |
| Consolidation in CR1 | ||||
|
CT SCT |
16 (55.2) 13 (44.8) |
5 (50) 5 (50) |
6 (49.5) 47 (50.5) |
0.865 |
| Three-year OS (%) | 36 ± 9.1 | 65.6 ± 15.1 | 50.6 ± 7 | 0.020 |
| Three-year EFS (%) | 27.2 ± 8.1 | 55.9 ± 16.2 | 40.5 ± 6.5 | 0.005 |
Italic values indicate significance of P value (P < 0.05)
WBC white blood count, BM bone marrow, FAB French–America–British, CR complete remission, CT chemotherapy, SCT stem cell transplantation
aP-values for categorical variables are from chi-square test, P-values for continuous variables are from the ANOVA test
bMethylation related gene included DNMT3A, IDH1/2, and TET2
c52 FLT3-ITD, 16 FLT3-TKD and 131 FLT3 wildtype patients were analyzed for gene mutations
#p value for frequency of favorable, intermediate and unfavorable karyotype in three groups
&P value < 0.05 between the FLT3-ITD group and FLT3wt group