Table 4.

Factor loadings for the Perceived Risk of HIV Scale in key populations (sample 1) and other populations and influence of group on the overall estimates of latent factor score

Items	Base modela		DIF corrected modelb
	Factor loading	95%CI	Factor loading	95%CI
i01. What is your gut feeling about how likely you are to get infected with HIV?	0.808	0.76, 0.85	0.806	0.77, 0.84
i02. I worry about getting infected with HIV	0.406	0.30, 0.51	0.284	0.20, 0.37
i03. Picturing self getting HIV is something I find	0.710	0.65, 0.77	0.706	0.66, 0.76
i04. I am sure I will NOT get infected with HIV	0.642	0.58, 0.70	0.685	0.62, 0.75
i05. I feel vulnerable to HIV infection	0.678	0.62, 0.74	0.673	0.62, 0.72
i06. There is a chance, no matter how small, I could get HIV	0.512	0.43, 0.59	0.508	0.44, 0.58
i07. I think my chances of getting infected with HIV are	0.914	0.88, 0.94	0.913	0.89, 0.94
i08. Getting HIV is something I have	0.511	0.42, 0.60	0.431	0.35, 0.51
Structural effect
Group on latent factorc	1.287	0.96, 1.61	1.192	0.87, 1.51
Direct effect on item attributable to groupc
i02			1.041	0.78, 1.30
i04			− 0.504	− 0.76, − 0.25
i08			0.616	0.37, 0.86

Bold indicate p value ≤ 0.001

DIF differential item functioning

^aNot corrected for DIF

^bCorrect for DIF for items 2, 4 and 8

^cOther populations used as reference