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. 2021 Mar 5;4(2):424–435. doi: 10.1021/acsptsci.1c00014

Table 2. Summary of Relevant States and Traits.

  baseline predictor outcome(s) and direction of relationship (±) refs
states age mystical experience (−), dread (−), acute impaired control and cognition (−), adverse experience (−) (12, 40, 47)
apprehension mystical experience (−), ego dissolution (−), adverse experience (+) (46, 47)
barriers mystical experience (−) (47)
clear intention mystical experience (+), visual effects (+) (54)
confusion dread (+) (46, 47)
deservingness mystical experience (−), ego dissolution (−) (46)
emotional excitability spiritual experience (+), acute anxiety (+), general consciousness alteration (+), insightfulness (+) (40)
general psychological distress oceanic boundlessness (−), blissful state (−), complex imagery (−) (40)
preoccupation dread (+) (47)
recreational intention challenging experience (−) (54)
set challenging experience (−) (54)
spiritual motivations mystical experience (+), ego dissolution (+), apprehension/mystical experience relationship (+) (46)
surrender mystical experience (+), ego dissolution (+), spiritual change (+), dread (−) (46, 47)
traits 5-HT2AR binding peak plateau latency (−), subjective drug intensity comedown latency (+), mystical experience (−) (50)
absorption mystical experience (+), challenging experience (+), visual effects (+), ego dissolution (+), dread (−), spiritual change (+), acute oceanic boundlessness (+), acute visionary restructuralization (+), stimulus-color consistency (−) (40, 46, 47, 52, 54)
acceptance mystical experience (+) (48)
alcohol consumption audio–visual synethesia (+), visual effects (+) (40)
attachment anxiety mystical experience (+) (49)
attachment avoidance challenging experience (+) (49)
cannabis consumption blissful state (+) (40)
conscientiousness suggestibility (+) (51)
executive network node diversity ego dissolution (+) (44)
gender (female) “bad trip” (+), apprehension/mystical experience relationship (+) (43, 46)
history of psychedelic use acute impairment in executive functioning (−), adverse experience (−), wellbeing (−), acute disembodiment (−), visionary restructuralization (−) (12, 40, 53, 54)
meditation depth mystical experience (+), oceanic boundlessness (+) (48)
mental imagery ability acute changes in mental imagery (+) (51)
openness adverse experience (−), oceanic boundlessness (+), mystical experience (+) (54, 46, 48)
optimistic attitude toward life visionary restructuralization (+), oceanic boundlessness (+), mystical experience (+) (48)
reappraisal of emotions anxious ego dissoution (−) (48)
right rACC volume intensity of acute emotional experience (+) (45)
sociability spiritual experience (−), acute audio–visual synesthesia (+) (40)