Table 2.
Separate comparison of surgical data and postoperative outcomes
| Variable | LDP (n = 86) | ODP (n = 86) | p value | LPD (n = 101) | OPD (n = 101) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Operative time (min)a | 189.1 ± 45.2 | 213.3 ± 54.4 | < 0.01 | 416.2 ± 78.8 | 365.0 ± 81.6 | < 0.01 |
| Estimated blood loss (mL)b | 180 (80–600) | 220 (120–800) | < 0.01 | 250 (150–900) | 300 (180–1000) | 0.04 |
| RBC transfusion (%) | 3 (3.5%) | 10 (11.6%) | 0.04 | 14 (13.9%) | 22 (21.8%) | 0.14 |
| Postoperative hospital stay (days)b | 9 (4–34) | 13 (7–42) | < 0.01 | 14 (9–69) | 18 (11–52) | < 0.01 |
| Overall morbidity (n, %) | 8 (9.3%) | 14 (16.3%) | 0.17 | 22 (21.8%) | 32 (31.7%) | 0.11 |
| CR-POPF | 5 | 7 | 12 | 16 | ||
| DGE (Grade A/ Grade B, C) | 0 (0/0) | 3 (2/1) | 6 (4/2) | 10 (5/5) | ||
| PPH (Grade A/ Grade B, C) | 0 (0/0) | 2 (1/1) | 5 (1/4) | 6 (3/3) | ||
| Bile leak | 0 | 0 | 2 | 3 | ||
| Wound infection | 0 | 2 | 1 | 1 | ||
| Lymphorrhea | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 | ||
| Pulmonary complications | 2 | 2 | 2 | 5 | ||
| Reoperation (%) | 0 | 0 | 1.00 | 6 (5.9%) | 8 (7.9%) | 0.58 |
| Clavien-Dindo classification | 0.33 | 0.42 | ||||
| I-II | 4 (4.7%) | 5 (5.6%) | 10 (9.9%) | 16 (15.8%) | ||
| III-IV | 4 (4.7%) | 9 (10.5%) | 11 (10.9%) | 15 (14.9%) | ||
| V (90-day mortality) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (1.0%) | 1 (1.0%) | ||
| Adjuvant treatment (%) | 61 (70.9%) | 57 (66.3%) | 0.51 | 67 (66.3%) | 65 (64.4%) | 0.77 |
| Time to adjuvant treatment (days)a | 50 (28–82) | 52 (26–88) | 0.14 | 59 (26–98) | 60 (26–103) | 0.68 |
a: values were showed as mean (standard deviation) and tested by Student’s t test; b: values were showed median (range) and tested by Mann-Whitney U test