Table 1.
Baseline characteristics.
| Variable (Total Sample, n = 498) | Not Using a REMS-AD at Assessment (n = 324, 65%) | REMS-AD Continued at MSLT (n = 53, 11%) | REMS-AD Tapered Prior to MSLT (n = 121, 24%) | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic characteristics | ||||
| Age (mean ± SE), years | 38.29 ± 0.88 | 38.94 ± 2.19 | 37.15 ± 1.45 | .73 |
| Sex, % female | 60.8 | 81.13 | 77.69 | .0002* |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 27.34 ± 0.34 | 28.31 ± 0.85 | 29.05 ± 0.57 | .03 |
| Clinical characteristics | ||||
| ESS (mean ± SE) | 13.88 ± 0.32 | 14.70 ± 0.77 | 15.33 ± 0.52 | .06 |
| Self-reported sleep duration (mean ± SE), hours | 8.69 ± 0.12 | 8.35 ± 0.31 | 9.13 ± 0.20 | .07 |
| Shift work, % | 6.48 | 5.77 | 6.84 | .77 |
| Cataplexy, % | 7.10 | 9.43 | 5.79 | .69 |
| Hypnogogic hallucinations, % | 8.64 | 9.43 | 14.05 | .26 |
| Hypnopompic hallucinations, % | 6.48 | 5.66 | 9.09 | .59 |
| Sleep paralysis, % | 14.20 | 13.21 | 16.53 | .86 |
| Insomnia, % | 20.06 | 28.30 | 12.40 | .03 |
| Depression, % | 21.30 | 71.70 | 60.50 | <.0001* |
| Non–REMS-AD, % | 21.98 | 45.28 | 38.33 | <.0001* |
| Benzodiazepines, % | 5.86 | 16.98 | 9.92 | .03 |
| nBBRAs, % | 4.63 | 5.66 | 4.13 | .91 |
| Actigraphy data (n = 419) (mean ± SE) | ||||
| Total sleep time, hours | 7.35 ± 0.07 | 7.63 ± 0.17 | 7.56 ± 0.11 | .14 |
| Time in bed, hours | 8.60 ± 0.08 | 8.99 ± 0.19 | 8.89 ± 0.13 | .05 |
| Sleep efficiency, % | 84.64 ± 0.45 | 84.53 ± 1.08 | 84.32 ± 0.73 | .93 |
| PSG Data (n = 482) (mean ± SE) | ||||
| Total sleep time, minutes | 426.95 ± 5.22 | 425.76 ± 12.79 | 429.10 ± 8.45 | .97 |
| Sleep efficiency, % | 82.35 ± 0.68 | 81.18 ± 1.66 | 83.76 ± 1.10 | .37 |
| Sleep-onset latency, minutes | 19.68 ± 1.30 | 34.90 ± 3.18 | 18.54 ± 2.10 | <.001# |
| Arousal index, events/h | 16.35 ± 0.61 | 18.84 ± 1.49 | 18.45 ± 0.99 | .09 |
| AHI, events/h | 1.66 ± 0.23 | 1.75 ± 0.55 | 2.37 ± 0.36 | .25 |
| Initial REM latency, minutes | 100.61 ± 4.70 | 183.64 ± 11.52 | 91.48 ± 7.61 | <.001# |
AHI = apnea-hypopnea index; BMI = body mass index; ESS = Epworth sleepiness scale; MSLT = multiple sleep latency testing; nBBRA, non–benzodiazepine benzodiazepine receptor agonist; PSG = polysomnography; REM = rapid eye movement; REMS-AD = rapid eye movement–suppressing antidepressant. *Indicates a significant difference between the three groups, after accounting for multiple testing. #Indicates a significant difference between those on REMS-ADs at MSLT and the other 2 groups, after accounting for multiple testing.