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. 2021 Mar 14;25(7):3601–3609. doi: 10.1111/jcmm.16456

FIGURE 5.

FIGURE 5

Alpha‐mangostin improves aSMase/ceramide pathway and eNOS/NO pathway in endothelial cells with high glucose. Alpha‐mangostin, desipramine and siRNA restored the elevated aSMase activity (A) and ceramide content (B) induced by high glucose in cell cultures. C, The basal and ACh‐stimulated NO production in the five treatment groups. D, Alpha‐mangostin, desipramine and siRNA reversed the high glucose‐diminished NO production in endothelial cells. E, Alpha‐mangostin, desipramine and siRNA increased eNOS phosphorylation in high glucose‐treated endothelial cells. Scale bars represent 50 μm. Results are shown as means ± SEM (n =5). *P < .05 compared to the NC group. #P < .05 compared to the HG group