Fig. 3.
Effects of a competitive glutamate transport inhibitor TBOA on behavioral and neurochemical abnormalities in the DM. a Effects of TBOA on the impaired performances in the forced swim test. b Normalization effect of TBOA on the decreased extracellular levels of glutamate at baseline in the PFc of the DM. c Normalization effect of TBOA on the decreased rate of CaMK II phosphorylation in the PFc of the DM after the forced swim test. p- phospho-, t- total-, Veh treated with vehicle, TBOA treated with DL-threo-β-benzyloxyaspartate. N = 12–14 for a, N = 7–9 for b, N = 5 for c. Values are means ± SE. Statistical differences were determined using a one-way ANOVA (group, F(2, 37) = 6.45, P < 0.05 for a; F(2, 23) = 10.87, P < 0.05 for b; F(2, 12) = 17.35, P < 0.05 for c), followed by Bonferroni post hoc tests (*P < 0.05)