TABLE 2.

Univariate and multivariate analysis of the risk factors associated with lymph node metastasis

		Univariate analysis			Multivariate analysis
		pN0	pN+	P value	Odds ratio	P value
Age		55.9 ± 13.7	58.3 ± 12.2	.36
Gender	Male:female	190:127 (40.1%)	36:18 (33.3%)	.37
Location	Upper rectum or more oral side:lower rectum	44:272 (86.1%)	8:46 (85.2%)	.83
Size (mm)	<10:10≤	266:51 (16.1%)	23:31 (57.4%)	<.0001	0.54 (0.21‐1.43)	.22
Depressed lesion	Negative:positive	242:39 (13.9%)	20:28 (58.3%)	<.0001	4.98 (1.97‐12.60)	.0007
Tumor grade	G1:G2	301:16 (5.0%)	40:14 (25.9%)	<.0001	0.60 (0.193‐1.89)	.38
Liver metastasis	Negative:positive	316:1 (0.3%)	52:2 (3.7%)	.057
Depth of invasion	pT1:pT2≤	303:9 (2.9%)	48:6 (11.1%)	.014	0.77 (0.15‐4.09)	.76
Lymphatic infiltration	Negative:positive	265:28 (9.6%)	28:24 (46.2%)	<.0001
Venous infiltration	Negative:positive	253:40 (13.7%)	17:35 (67.3%)	<.0001
Lymphovascular infiltration	Negative:positive	235:58 (19.8%)	42:10 (19.2%)	<.0001	15.1 (6.22‐36.90)	<.0001

Abbreviations: G, grade; pN0, negative lymph node metastasis; pN+, positive lymph node metastasis.