Table 3. Herd-level univariate analysis for associations between herd management and at least one animal in the herd testing seropositive, using logistic regression with village included as a random effect.
| Variable | Frequency (%) | No. Pos (%) | Odds ratio | P–value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Purchased new livestock | ||||
| No | 369 (89.3%) | 124 (33.6%) | 1 | - |
| Yes | 44 (10.7%) | 12 (27.3%) | 0.74 (0.36 to 1.45) | 0.400 |
| Total | 413 | 136 | ||
| Sold livestock | ||||
| No | 363 (90.3%) | 127 (34.0%) | 1 | - |
| Yes | 40 (9.7%) | 9 (22.5%) | 0.56 (0.25 to 1.17) | 0.144 |
| Total | 413 | 136 | ||
| Insemination cows | ||||
| AI | 278 (88.3%) | 94 (33.8%) | 1 | - |
| Natural | 37 (11.7%) | 15 (40.5%) | 1.33 (0.65 to 2.67) | 0.420 |
| Total | 315 | 109 | ||
| Insemination buffalo | ||||
| AI | 223 (74.1%) | 64 (28.7%) | 1 | - |
| Natural | 78 (25.9%) | 24 (30.8%) | 1.10 (0.62 to 1.92) | 0.729 |
| Total | 301 | 88 | ||
| Natural service in either species | ||||
| No | 164 (67.5%) | 49 (29.9%) | 1 | - |
| Yes | 79 (32.5%) | 25 (31.6%) | 1.09 (0.60 to 1.93) | 0.779 |
| Total | 243 | 74 | ||
| Disinfect after calving | ||||
| Always | 310 (77.3%) | 115 (37.1%) | 1 | - |
| Not always | 91 (22.7%) | 18 (19.8%) | 0.42 (0.23 to 0.72) | 0.002 |
| Total | 401 | 133 | ||
| Separate at calving | ||||
| Always | 248 (62.5%) | 76 (30.6%) | 1 | |
| Not always | 149 (35.7%) | 56 (37.6%) | 1.36 (0.89 to 2.98) | 0.156 |
| Total | 397 | 132 |