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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Feb 28.
Published in final edited form as: Stat Med. 2020 Nov 26;40(5):1101–1120. doi: 10.1002/sim.8822

FIGURE 1.

FIGURE 1

Scenario of how data sources relate to each other and to the target population. The entire grey region denotes the target population, S = 1 denotes the RCT, S = 2 denotes the complex survey sample, and S = 0 denotes members of the target population not sampled into either study. Only individuals with S = 1 or S = 2 are observed, while data on individuals with S = 0 are assumed unavailable. This three-level “S” variable also assumes no overlap between trial and survey participants. This is a plausible assumption to make for policy-relevant scenarios, where the target population may be the entire US, and the study sample sizes are on the magnitudes of a few thousand.