Table 1. Characteristics of patients hospitalized with COVID-19 pneumonia, stratified by BMI categories (n = 1091).
| Characteristics | Total | BMI categories | ||||
| (n = 1091) | Underweight (n = 80) | Normal weight (n =500) | Overweight (n = 226) | Obesity (n = 285) | P for trend | |
| Men, n (%) | 509 (46.7) | 15 (18.8) | 168 (33.6) | 132 (58.4) | 194 (68.1) | < 0.0001 |
| Age, years | 59.00 (49.00-67.00) | 64.00 (48.00-72.00) | 59.50 (49.00-67.50) | 59.00 (49.00-67.00) | 58.00 (49.00-66.50) | 0.24 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 22.51 (20.42-25.26) | 17.81 (17.17-18.17) | 20.76 (19.70-21.90) | 24.22 (23.59-24.24) | 27.04 (25.95-28.40) | < 0.0001 |
| Hematologic | ||||||
| Neutrophils, × 109/L | 3.52 (2.61-4.84) | 3.33 (2.37-4.37) | 3.40 (2.53-4.66) | 3.52 (2.76-4.73) | 3.72 (2.68-5.25) | 0.0001 |
| Lymphocytes, × 109/L | 1.23 (0.81-1.70) | 1.28 (0.83-1.76) | 1.28 (0.84-1.70) | 1.24 (0.81-1.60) | 1.11 (0.73-1.72) | 0.02 |
| Platelets, × 109/L | 210.00 (165.00-266.00) | 208.50 (171.00-279.00) | 211.00 (166.00-266.50) | 215.50 (168.00-268.00) | 202.00 (158.00-262.00) | 0.23 |
| Biochemical | ||||||
| ALT, U/L | 23.50 (15.54-37.40) | 15.55 (10.80-23.13) | 21.83 (14.35-35.60) | 25.73 (17.39-40.96) | 28.77 (18.20-44.10) | < 0.0001 |
| Serum creatinine, umol/L | 63.60 (53.00-76.00) | 56.60 (50.85-63.80) | 60.00 (52.20-72.20) | 65.60 (53.10-77.90) | 70.10 (59.90-81.60) | < 0.0001 |
| hs-CRP, mg/L | 7.58 (1.43-49.04) | 4.21 (0.79-19.06) | 4.97 (1.18-32.92) | 16.99 (1.86-61.42) | 20.14 (2.18-75.76) | < 0.0001 |
| Comorbidities | ||||||
| Diabetes, n (%) | 137 (12.6) | 7 (8.8) | 62 (12.4) | 33 (14.7) | 35 (12.4) | 0.53 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 288 (26.4) | 18 (22.5) | 119 (23.8) | 65 (28.8) | 86 (30.2) | 0.16 |
| CVD, n (%) | 82 (7.5) | 2 (2.5) | 40 (8.0) | 14 (6.2) | 26 (9.1) | 0.22 |
| CLD, n (%) | 57 (5.2) | 4 (5.0) | 29 (5.8) | 9 (4.0) | 15 (5.3) | 0.73 |
| Cancer, n (%) | 40 (3.7) | 4 (5.0) | 18 (3.6) | 8 (3.5) | 10 (3.5) | 0.70 |
| Oxygen therapy | ||||||
| Nasal cannula, n (%) | 607 (57.3) | 55 (69.6) | 283 (58.8) | 122 (55.2) | 147 (52.7) | 0.009 |
| NPPV, n (%) | 176 (16.2) | 11 (13.8) | 55 (11.0) | 43 (19.0) | 67 (23.5) | < 0.0001 |
| HFNC, n (%) | 87 (8.0) | 5 (6.3) | 29 (5.8) | 20 (8.9) | 33 (11.6) | 0.005 |
| IMV, n (%) | 31 (2.8) | 0 | 10 (2.0) | 4 (1.8) | 17 (6.0) | 0.0007 |
Data are n (%) or median (IQR). ALT, alanine transaminase. ARDS, acute respiratory distress syndrome. BMI, body mass index. CLD, chronic lung disease. COVID-19, coronavirus disease 2019. CVD, cardiovascular disease. HFNC, high flow nasal cannula. hs-CRP, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein. IMV, invasive mechanical ventilation. NPPV, non-invasive positive pressure ventilation.