Table 1. The rate of oxidative phosphorylation in IFM from young and aged mice with or without metformin treatment.

Mice	3 mo.		24 mo.
Groups	Vehicle (n=13)	Metformin (n=5)	Vehicle (n=11)	Metformin (n=5)
	Complex I substrates: glutamate + malate
State 3 (nAO/min/mg)	356±13	367±14	271±13*	337±22†
State 4 (nAO/min/mg)	58±3	58±5	48±1*	58±3†
RCR	6.3±0.2	6.6±0.5	5.7±0.2	5.9±0.5
2 mM ADP (nAO/min/mg)	481±17	487±29	318±19*	397±32†
	Complex II substrates: Succinate + rotenone
State 3 (nAO/min/mg)	860±30	735±13*	779±34	847±30
State 4 (nAO/min/mg)	256±12	226±11	212±8*	218±8
RCR	3.4±0.1	3.3±0.1	3.7±0.1	3.9±0.1
2 mM ADP (nAO/min/mg)	849±29	746±19*	769±34	788±32

Mean ± SEM. *p<0.05 vs. 3 mo. Vehicle, †p<0.05 vs. 24 mo. Vehicle.