Table 2.

The nuclear reactor accidents of Chernobyl, Windscale, and Fukushima.

Chernobyl (1986; Ukraine former USSR) [10]	•Criticality excursion during tests. •Explosive release of core contents. •Long-term releases during/after responses to control fire/criticality.
Windscale (1957; Cumbria, UK) [10, 11, 12]	•Core fire during secret production of Polonium. •Extensive releases of volatile components and water used to fight fire.
Fukushima (2011; Fukushima, Japan) [1, 10]	•Core melt due to heat decay and fuel pond damage after loss of power following tsunami.