. 2021 Mar 26;7(3):e06583. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06583

Table 1.

Proximate and water activity measurements or brewery spent grain (mean ± standard deviation value).

Brewery spent grain	Moisture (%)	Ash (%)	Fat (%)	Protein (N %)	Carbohydrate∗ (%)	Aw
I	3.052 ± 0.032^b	4.067 ± 0.008^c	10.715 ± 0.349^d	22.543 ± 0.236^d	59.623 ± 0.551^ab	0.106 ± 0.004^c
II	2.518 ± 0.056^de	3.552 ± 0.056^e	9.470 ± 0.534^e	24.270 ± 1.510^c	60.190 ± 1.692^a	0.097 ± 0.002^d
III	3.024 ± 0.081^b	4.245 ± 0.012^ab	11.996 ± 0.441^bc	27.579 ± 0.073^b	53.156 ± 0.415^c	0.117 ± 0.002^b
IV	4.353 ± 0.109^a	3.591 ± 0.032^e	10.600 ± 0.447^d	23.817 ± 0.005^cd	57.639 ± 0.567^b	0.197 ± 0.004^a
V	2.782 ± 0.034^c	4.195 ± 0.030^b	11.125 ± 0.097^cd	22.217 ± 0.050^d	59.681 ± 0.037^ab	0.093 ± 0.002^de
VI	2.178 ± 0.030^f	3.828 ± 0.028^d	11.490 ± 0.122^cd	23.159 ± 0.131^cd	59.346 ± 0.190^ab	0.064 ± 0.004^f
VII	2.336 ± 0.073^ef	4.290 ± 0.018^a	12.583 ± 0.215^ab	27.855 ± 0.648^b	52.935 ± 0.715^c	0.087 ± 0.003^e
VIII	2.673 ± 0.073^cd	3.303 ± 0.048^f	13.105 ± 0.314^a	30.236 ± 0.133^a	50.683 ± 0.442^d	0.118 ± 0.003^b

Note: ∗: carbohydrate value was calculated by difference; letters show the significant differences from other group in the same column (p < 0.05). (I: Foundation II German Pale Ale; II: Bojanowo; III: WB; IV: Onnevalemi Komonendid; V: Drunken soiler india pale ale, VI: Sto Mostow; VII: Fest; VIII: Elveliksiirid).