Table 1.

Within- and between-individual correlations, descriptive statistics, and variances

Variable	1	2	3	4	5	6	7
1. Email demands	−	.68**	.63**	−.15	−.03	−.07	.40**
2. Job tension	.55**	−	.88**	−.14	.05	−.13	.27**
3. Work-family conflict	.45**	.78**	−	−.08	.08	−.15	.28**
4. Trait self-regulation	−	−	−	−	.09	.08	−.20*
5. Age	−	−	−	−	−	-.03	.00
6. Gender	−	−	−	−	−	−	−.35**
7. Organizational membership	−	−	−	−	−	−	−
Mean	3.61	3.86	3.44	5.10	45.20	.50	.56
Standard deviation	1.30	1.59	1.71	0.64	10.03	.50	.50
ICC (1)	.80	.91	.90	−	−	−	−
ICC (2)	.95	.98	.98	−	−	−	−

Listwise n at within-individual level = 701; n at between-individual level = 134; within-individual level correlations are below the diagonal, and between-individual level correlations are above the diagonal. Variables 1 to 3 are aggregated to the individual level in order to compute their between-individual level correlations with other variables; σ² is the within-individual variance, and τ is the between-individual variance; the intraclass correlation (ICC) is computed as “τ/(τ + σ²).” Gender was coded as follows: female = 0, male = 1. Organizational membership was coded as follows: state agency = 0, global HRM firm = 1

*p < .05. **p < .01; two-tailed