Table 2.
Descriptive statistics
| CO2 | GDP(Y) | IQ | Fossil fuel | R. energy | FDI | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean | 72.06506 | 11920.01 | 495.6476 | 25.03927 | 0.996039 | 3.380622 |
| Median | 74.34149 | 12227.21 | 499.6729 | 25.48706 | 0.612572 | 2.794579 |
| Maximum | 95.80449 | 15111.70 | 518.4195 | 31.34284 | 3.517400 | 8.028459 |
| Minimum | 47.64945 | 8427.822 | 463.3548 | 16.37165 | 0.262705 | 0.194500 |
| Std. Dev. | 15.45950 | 2182.778 | 14.06412 | 3.956083 | 0.891835 | 1.943206 |
| Skewness | 0.123907 | −0.021613 | −0.507611 | −0.168749 | 1.488826 | 0.677839 |
| Kurtosis | 1.416927 | 1.535331 | 2.218909 | 1.875767 | 4.185897 | 2.639614 |
| Jarque-Bera | 9.521260 | 7.962254 | 6.084561 | 5.109362 | 38.09481 | 7.297029 |
| Probability | 0.008560 | 0.018665 | 0.047726 | 0.077717 | 0.000000 | 0.026030 |
| Sum | 6413.790 | 1060881. | 44112.64 | 2228.495 | 88.64751 | 300.8754 |
| Sum Sq. Dev. | 21031.67 | 4.19E+08 | 17406.36 | 1377.252 | 69.99253 | 332.2923 |
| Observations | 89 | 89 | 89 | 89 | 89 | 89 |
CO2 denotes carbon emission, GDP(Y), denotes economic growth, FDI denotes foreign direct investment, fossil fuels (FF) denotes non-renewable energy consumption, and RE denotes renewable energy consumption. Sources: Computed by author