Table 5.
Mean differences in the risk factors for metabolic syndrome by physical activity type in sex-stratified analyses
| Without daily physical activity | With daily physical activity | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Without exercise | With exercise | Without exercise | With exercise | |||||||
| (I-type)a | (E-type)a | (D-type)a | (F-type)a | |||||||
| n | mean | SD | mean | SD | mean | SD | mean | SD | Pb | |
| Men (n = 269) | I-type (n = 112) | E-type (n = 15) | D-type (n = 53) | F-type (n = 89) | ||||||
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 269 | 23.5 | 3.2 | 24.4 | 4.0 | 23.0 | 2.7 | 23.1 | 2.8 | 0.354 |
| Waist circumference, cm | 269 | 85.7 | 8.7 | 86.8 | 10.2 | 83.9 | 6.8 | 84.4 | 7.4 | 0.334 |
| Systolic blood pressure, mmHg | 269 | 131.1 | 17.3 | 135.5 | 17.9 | 128.5 | 16.4 | 132.6 | 15.3 | 0.472 |
| Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg | 269 | 77.0 | 10.9 | 78.7 | 10.7 | 75.2 | 13.0 | 76.3 | 10.3 | 0.669 |
| Triglyceride, mg/dL | 269 | 142.9 | 86.4 | 143.1 | 68.0 | 119.4 | 60.7 | 130.7 | 91.8 | 0.203 |
| HDL-C, mg/dL | 269 | 56.7 | 17.4 | 54.1 | 16.0 | 59.3 | 15.5 | 60.2 | 13.4 | 0.291 |
| LDL-C, mg/dL | 269 | 118.1 | 31.3 | 105.3 | 35.1 | 124.0 | 29.2 | 115.3 | 29.6 | 0.162 |
| HbA1c, % | 234 | 6.1 | 1.0 | 5.8 | 0.5 | 5.9 | 0.6 | 5.9 | 0.7 | 0.431 |
| Women (n = 367) | I-type (n = 162) | E-type (n = 32) | D-type (n = 84) | F-type (n = 89) | ||||||
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 367 | 22.6c | 3.8 | 22.6 | 2.8 | 21.2c | 3.0 | 21.7 | 3.4 | 0.008 |
| Waist circumference, cm | 367 | 82.8d | 10.5 | 83.4 | 8.3 | 78.2d | 8.1 | 81.0 | 10.0 | 0.003 |
| Systolic blood pressure, mmHg | 367 | 130.7 | 15.1 | 132.1 | 15.4 | 126.9 | 18.8 | 128.8 | 14.9 | 0.243 |
| Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg | 367 | 73.9 | 10.2 | 74.9 | 10.2 | 72.4 | 11.0 | 72.3 | 10.4 | 0.443 |
| Triglyceride, mg/dL | 367 | 108.0 | 58.8 | 105.3 | 58.3 | 95.4 | 56.9 | 97.8 | 53.9 | 0.328 |
| HDL-C, mg/dL | 367 | 67.1e | 16.1 | 68.7 | 20.5 | 73.2e | 17.2 | 67.4 | 14.0 | 0.043 |
| LDL-C, mg/dL | 367 | 125.4f | 30.8 | 121.0 | 31.7 | 117.8 | 31.2 | 109.3f | 22.2 | 0.002 |
| HbA1c, % | 302 | 5.8 | 0.5 | 5.9 | 0.6 | 5.7 | 0.4 | 5.7 | 0.3 | 0.116 |
HDL-C high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, LDL-C low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, HbA1c glycated hemoglobin
aI-type, D-type, E-type, and F-type: see Table 1
bP One-way analysis of variance adjusted by age. Boldface indicates statistically significant differences
Tukey’s honest significant difference test for multiple comparisons: cP < 0.01 between I-type and D-type; dP < 0.01 between I-type and D-type; eP < 0.05 between I-type and D-type; fP < 0.001 between I-type and F-type