Figure 3.

Injury mechanism of SARS-CoV-2 on cardiovascular system. After SARS-CoV-2 binds to the ACE2 receptor, it causes cardiovascular diseases through a variety of ways, such as acute cardiac injury, myocarditis, arrhythmia, coronary heart diseases, diabetes, and hypertension, and further results in higher morbidity. Among all myocardial injury markers, ferritin is most associated with prognosis. Mb changes are related to ICU care and silent myocardial injury. Hypertension and diabetes can affect the immune system and its drug therapy. ARBs can upregulate the expression of ACE2 and aggravate the process of COVID-19. Mb – creatine kinase-MB; ARBs – angiotensin II receptor blockers.