Table 1.
Comparison of Demographic, COVID-19 Risk, and COVID-19 Response Characteristics by Sex
| Variable | All (N = 273) | Men (n = 122) | Women (n = 151) | Test statistic, p |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic characteristics | ||||
| Age (years) | 50.96 (12.37) | 53.32 (11.51) | 49.07 (12/74) | 2.89, .004 |
| Employed | ||||
| No | 84 (69.4%) | 84 (69.4%) | 113 (74.3%) | .81, .368 |
| Yes | 37 (30.6%) | 37 (30.6%) | 39 (25.7%) | |
| Living situation | ||||
| Someone else's house | 75 (27.5%) | 37 (30.6%) | 38 (25.0%) | 1.05, .305 |
| Own apartment or house | 198 (72.5%) | 84 (69.4%) | 114 (75.0%) | |
| Monthly household income | ||||
| $1,000 or less | 159 (58.2%) | 59 (48.8%) | 100 (65.8%) | 8.03, .005 |
| More than $1,000 | 114 (41.8%) | 62 (51.2%) | 52 (34.2%) | |
| Race | ||||
| Black/African American | 154 (56.4%) | 56 (46.3%) | 98 (64.5%) | 10.76, .029 |
| White | 94 (34.4%) | 49 (40.5%) | 45 (29.6%) | |
| Asian | 1 (0.4%) | 1 (0.8%) | 0 (0.0%) | |
| Native American | 5 (1.8%) | 3 (2.5%) | 2 (1.3%) | |
| Other | 19 (7.0%) | 12 (9.9%) | 7 (4.6%) | |
| Ethnicity | ||||
| Hispanic | 114 (41.8%) | 62 (51.2%) | 52 (34.2%) | 8.26, .041 |
| Non-Hispanic | 137 (50.2%) | 50 (41.3%) | 87 (57.2%) | |
| Haitian | 9 (3.3%) | 4 (3.3%) | 5 (3.3%) | |
| Other | 13 (4.8%) | 5 (4.1%) | 8 (5.3%) | |
| Contact through travel | ||||
| No | 204 (74.7%) | 97 (80.2%) | 107 (70.4%) | 3.41, .065 |
| Yes | 69 (25.3%) | 24 (19.8%) | 45 (29.6%) | |
| Hypertension | ||||
| No | 156 (57.1%) | 63 (52.1%) | 93 (61.2%) | 2.29, .130 |
| Yes | 117 (42.9%) | 58 (47.9%) | 59 (38.8%) | |
| Diabetes | ||||
| No | 222 (81.3%) | 102 (84.3%) | 120 (78.9%) | 1.27, .260 |
| Yes | 51 (18.7%) | 19 (15.7%) | 32 (21.1%) | |
| Renal disease | ||||
| No | 265 (97.1%) | 118 (97.5%) | 147 (96.7%) | .16, .693 |
| Yes | 8 (2.9%) | 3 (2.5%) | 5 (3.3%) | |
| COVID-19 preventive measures | ||||
| Staying home | ||||
| No | 11 (4.0%) | 6 (5.0%) | 5 (3.3%) | .49, .486 |
| Yes | 262 (96.0%) | 115 (95.0%) | 147 (96.7%) | |
| Social distancing | ||||
| No | 11 (4.0%) | 4 (3.3%) | 7 (4.6%) | .29, .588 |
| Yes | 262 (96.0%) | 117 (96.7%) | 145 (95.4%) | |
| Self-quarantine due to symptoms | ||||
| No | 210 (76.9%) | 96 (79.3%) | 114 (75.0%) | .71, .398 |
| Yes | 63 (23.1%) | 25 (20.7%) | 38 (25.0%) | |
| Self-quarantine due to contact | ||||
| No | 233 (85.3%) | 105 (86.8%) | 128 (84.2%) | .36, .551 |
| Yes | 40 (14.7%) | 16 (13.2%) | 24 (15.8%) | |
| Self-quarantine due to potential infection | ||||
| No | 234 (85.7%) | 110 (90.9%) | 124 (84.6%) | 4.79, .029 |
| Yes | 39 (14.3%) | 11 (9.1%) | 28 (18.4%) | |
| Tested for COVID-19 | ||||
| No | 164 (60.1%) | 68 (56.2%) | 96 (63.2%) | 1.36, .243 |
| Yes | 109 (39.9%) | 53 (43.8%) | 56 (36.8%) | |
| Psychosocial factors | ||||
| Stress (score) | 5.46 (3.13) | 5.02 (2.93) | 5.80 (3.25) | 2.05, .041 |
| Loneliness (score) | 4.82 (1.91) | 4.53 (1.78) | 5.05 (1.98) | 2.27, .024 |
| Depression (score) | 6.25 (4.22) | 5.96 (4.00) | 6.49 (4.39) | 3.58, .305 |
COVID-19, coronavirus disease 2019.