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Monocyte-to-macrophage differentiation within lung tissue. Switch from monocytes to macrophages occurs during embryonic development or upon acute inflammation or lung damage. This process is governed by locally produced GMCSF, MCSF, IL3, IL34, and others under control of the transcription factors PPARγ, STAT6, and IRF4. In long-term periods cells of peripheral origin become phenotypically similar to the lung-resident macrophages.
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