Table 1.
Distribution of patients according to AKI based on the “KDIGO” criteria.
| Variables | Total | AKI (−) | AKI (+) | P |
| Total | 479 (100) | 428 (89.4) | 51 (1.6) | |
| Sex (male) | 424 (88.5) | 376 (87.9) | 48 (94.1) | .184 |
| Age (yr) | 54.3 (15–84) | 53.7 (15–79) | 59.5 (41–84) | .001∗ |
| Hypertension | 155 (32.4) | 128 (29.9) | 27 (52.9) | .001∗ |
| Diabetes | 54 (11.3) | 42 (9.8) | 12 (23.5) | .003∗ |
| Liver cirrhosis | 358 (74.7) | 319 (74.5) | 39 (76.5) | .763 |
| Splenomegaly | 103 (21.5) | 90 (21.0) | 13 (25.5) | .463 |
| Postoperative hospital stay (d) | 15.1 (3–50) | 14.9 (3–50) | 17.2 (9–26) | .001∗ |
| Hb (g/L) | 132.3 (69–181) | 133.6 (73–181) | 121.7 (69–151) | .001∗ |
| PLT (G/L) | 151.6 (25–375) | 148.8 (25–375) | 175.6 (87–323) | .008∗ |
| Neutrophil (G/L) | 3.43 (.76–13.45) | 3.33 (.76–13.45) | 4.32 (2.44–8.20) | .001∗ |
| Lymphocyte (G/L) | 1.41 (.28–3.70) | 1.47 (.32–3.70) | .86 (.28–2.06) | .001∗ |
| SII (G/L) | 438.3 (38.2–3461.0) | 383.4 (38,2–3461.0) | 899.2 (283.7–1488.9) | .001∗ |
| WBC (G/L) | 5.49 (1.49–16.03) | 5.38 (1.49–16.03) | 6.40 (3.24–1.70) | .001∗ |
| Albumin (g/L) | 39.3 (24.8–64.3) | 39.4 (24.8–5.4) | 38.6 (29.8–64.3) | .451 |
| TB (μmol/L) | 16.6 (3.4–143.8) | 15.8 (3.4–143.8) | 23.0 (7.2–66.3) | .001∗ |
| GGT (IU/L) | 115.3 (10–2777) | 105.2 (10–2777) | 20.1 (24–820) | .001∗ |
| ALT (IU/L) | 48.6 (1–477) | 5.8 (11–477) | 29.5 (1–66) | .005∗ |
| AST (IU/L) | 48.3 (15–489) | 48.5 (15–489) | 46.3 (21–94) | .568 |
| Baseline Cr, (mmol/L) | 7.7 (37.1–234.1) | 7.2 (37.1–234.1) | 75.3 (44.2–175.1) | .106 |
| BUN (mmol/L) | 5.69 (1.01–81.50) | 5.62 (1.01–81.50) | 6.22 (2.70–9.44) | .073 |
| AFP (ng/mL) | 4765.5 (1.4–80005.1) | 4968.5 (1.4–80005.1) | 3085.0 (1.5–22331.0) | .366 |
| HBV DNA, ≥2000/<2000 | 97/131 (42.4/57.5) | 85/116 (42.3/57.7) | 12/15 (44.4/55.6) | 0.832 |
| CLIP score, 0–1/2–3 | 424/55 (88.5/11.5) | 391/37 (91.4/8.6) | 33/18 (64.7/35.3) | .001∗ |
| CTP, A/B | 461/18 (96.2/3.8) | 416/12 (97.2/2.8) | 45/6 (88.2/11.8) | .001∗ |
| Surgery type, major/minor | 116/363 (24.2/75.8) | 92/336 (21.5/78.5) | 24/27 (47.1/52.9) | .001∗ |
| Tumor size (cm) | 6.1 (1.0–26.0) | 5.9 (1–22) | 8.2 (3–26) | .001∗ |
| Tumor number, 1/2–3 | 440/39 (91.1/8.9) | 389/39 (9.9/9.1) | 51/0 (100/0) | 0.999 |
| Ascites | 37 (7.7) | 31 (7.2) | 6 (11.8) | .253 |
| BCLC stage, 0/A | 29/450 (6.1/93.9) | 29/399 (6.8/93.2) | 0/51 (0/100) | 0.999 |
| Within Milan criteria, n (%) | 272 (56.8) | 254 (59.3) | 18 (35.3) | .001∗ |
| Resection, R0/R1 | 389/90 (81.2/18.8) | 356 (83.2) | 33 (64.7) | .001∗ |
| Differentiation, I–II/III–IV, n (%) | 324/155 (67.6/32.4) | 285/143 (66.6/33.4) | 39/12 (76.5/23.5) | .154 |
| Microwave | 281 (58.7) | 256 (59.8) | 25 (49.0) | .139 |
AFP = α-fetoprotein, AKI = acute kidney injury, ALT = alanine aminotransferase, AST = aspartate aminotransferase, BCLC = Barcelona Clinical Liver Cancer, BUN = blood urea nitrogen, CLIP = The Cancer of the Liver Italian Group Score, Cr = creatinine, CTP = Child-Turcotte-Pugh classification, GGT = γ-glutamyltransferase, Hb = hemoglobin, HBV DNA = serum HBV DNA levels, HBV = hepatitis B virus, KDIGO = Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes, PLT = platelet, SII = systemic immune-inflammation index, TB = total bilirubin, WBC = white blood cell.
∗
P values < .05 were considered statistically significant.