Table 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of the entire cohort and the lower (LPCO) and higher physically complex occupation (HPCO) groups+
| Whole cohort | LPCO | HPCO | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age in years | 75.2 (3.5) | 75.4 (3.3) | 74.9 (3.7) |
| Time since retirement (years) | 18.4 (9.8) | 17.8 (7.8) | 19.2 (11.8) |
| Sex, % female | 46 (67%) | 27 (64%) | 19 (70%) |
| MMSE | 29 (0.9) | 29.2 (0.8) | 28.8 (1.1) |
| GDS | 0.7 (1) | 0.6 (0.9) | 0.93 (1.2) |
| Education (years) | 11.4 (3.3) | 12.7 (3.2)* | 9.3 (2)* |
| Fazekas score | 1 (0.6) | 1 (0.6) | 1.1 (0.6) |
| Occupations, number | |||
| Intellectuals | 19 | – | |
| Office, sales and care professionals | 23 | – | |
| Service workers | – | 11 | |
| Elementary occupations | – | 16 | |
| Bimanual activities per week, number | |||
| None (0 h) | 51 (74%) | 36 (86%) | 15 (56%) |
| Low (1—4 h) | 6 (9%) | 2 (5%) | 4 (15%) |
| Moderate (5—9 h) | 7 (10%) | 3 (7%) | 4 (15%) |
| High (> 9 h) | 5 (7%) | 1 (2%) | 4 (15%) |
| Physical activities associated with exertion per week, number | |||
| None (0 h) | 5 (7%) | 3 (7%) | 2 (7%) |
| Low (1–4 h) | 28 (41%) | 17 (40%) | 11 (41%) |
| Moderate (5–9 h) | 30 (43%) | 20 (48%) | 10 (37%) |
| High (> 9 h) | 6 (9%) | 2 (5%) | 4 (15%) |
| Physical activity associated with exertion (hours per week) | 5 (5.3) | 4.5 (5.4) | 5.2 (4) |
| Total intracranial volume (TIV, mm3) | 1451.8 (144) | 1465.2 (154.4) | 1431 (123.4) |
Raw values are represented as mean (± 1 standard deviation). The statistical tests are corrected for multiple comparisons (Holm-Sidak) in 5% significance level
*Significant (P < 0.001)