Table 1.

Interactions of EVs with microglia in homeostasis and development

EV type	Recipient cell type	Functional effect or interaction
Oligodendrocyte EVs (Oli-Neu EVs)	- Mixed primary and mono primary cultures C3cr1/ EGFP labeled	Robust and specific uptake [38, 41] PS-dependent specific uptake into microglia [38] No change in morphology or cytokine expression [38]
Neuroblastoma EVs (N2a EVs)	Primary microglia BV2 mouse microglial line	Specific uptake into microglia and not primary neuronal cells [39] Colocalization in vivo with 93% of IBA1 positive microglia at P2 and 80% at P7 [38]
Astrocyte derived EVs (ADEVs)	Primary microglia	Internalized by microglia and trafficked to microglial endosomes [40]. Decreased microglial phagocytosis following morphine – exposed ADEV treatment [40].
Subventricular zone neural stem cell- derived extracellular vesicles (SVZ NSC) EVs	In vivo microglia	Uptake into IBA1 and CD11b positive microglia [43]. Increase in CD11b expression and transition to rounded less complex cells [43].
Pheochromocytoma EVs (PC12 EVs)	MG6 mouse microglial line	Enhanced ability of microglia to remove degenerating neurite from PC12 cells due to upregulation of complement component 3 (C3). [42]. No effect on phagocytosis of E Coli [42].
Murine lymphoblast EVs (EL-4)	In vivo IB11+ microglia	Colocalization with greater than 60% of IBA1+ cells after intranasal administration [44]