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. 2021 Mar 25;18(7):3423. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18073423

Table 6.

Comparison of groups.

Variables Group 1 n = 344 Group 2 n = 131 Group 3 n = 26 Group 4 n = 117 F Post-Hoc Test
M SD M SD M SD M SD
Age 27.46 10,35 23.28 7.41 26.58 12.09 24.50 8.80 7.15 ** 1 > 2,4
Fear of coronavirus 14.85 5.14 17.39 6.07 14.80 6.00 17.09 6.28 9.13 ** 1 < 2,4
Death anxiety 29.39 10.93 42.85 14.99 37.30 14.72 44.54 14.05 61.29 ** 1 < 2,3,4
3 < 4 1
AUDIT 4.07 3.60 4.00 3.44 4.96 4.77 4.91 4.75 1.81
PSS 10 20.65 6.20 28.73 5.15 26.34 5.90 31.57 5.70 128.34 ** 1 < 2,3,4
2 < 4
3 < 4
MINI COPE Active coping 2.62 1.68 2.42 1.61 2.26 1.53 2.16 1.54 2.58 * 1 > 4
Planning 2.80 1.65 2.75 1.61 2.42 1.41 2.43 1.77 1.84
Positive reframing 2.93 1.74 2.61 1.61 1.96 1.73 1.62 1.50 18.90 ** 1,2 > 4
Acceptance 3.97 1.46 3.87 1.34 3.50 1.30 3.27 1.71 6.94 ** 1,2 > 4
Humour 2.02 1.34 2.16 1.25 1.84 0.88 1.74 1.27 2.44
Religion 1.08 1.64 1.29 1.81 1.50 2.03 0.92 1.56 1.45
Use of emotional support 3.37 1.80 3.51 1.56 1.65 1.55 2.37 1.73 17.90 ** 1 > 3,4
2 > 3
Use of instrumental support 2.73 1.76 3.09 1.63 1.73 1.45 2.15 1.63 9.20 ** 1 > 3,4
2 > 3
Self-distraction 3.11 1.56 3.09 1.33 2.38 1.23 2.48 1.46 6.94 ** 1 > 4
2 > 4
Denial 0.91 1.27 1.47 1.62 1.15 1.28 1.74 1.51 8.63 ** 1 < 2,4
Venting 2.59 1.54 3.28 1.37 2.76 1.24 2.86 1.57 6.83 ** 1 < 2
Substance use 0.64 1.23 0.91 1.40 1.00 1.35 1.43 1.83 9.05 ** 1 < 4
2 < 4
Behavioural disengagement 1.18 1.33 2.27 1.50 2.65 1.29 3.09 1.50 63.30 ** 1 < 2,3,4
2 < 4
Self-blame 1.33 1.36 2.76 1.68 2.46 1.55 3.23 1.80 58.32 ** 1 < 2,3,4
2 < 4 1

1–2; 1–3; 1–4, 2–3, 2–4—significant differences (p > 0.05) between groups, * p > 0.05, ** p < 0.01, 1 p < 0.1.