Table 4.

Sperm retrieval rates in non-obstructive azoospermia by etiology.

NOA Etiology	Weill Cornell Medicine (P.N.S.)	Other Reports
Idiopathic	48.5% [46]	37.4–65.8% [104,111]
Klinefelter syndrome	61–66% [46,61]	44% [114]
YCMD (AZFc)	67∓75% [17,46]	20.4–54.8% [102,113,115]
Chemotherapy	42% [46]	37–60% [79,92,100]
Cryptorchidism	62% [46]	52–85% [41,42,43,44,45]
Overall	48% [46]	45–49% [3]

P.N.S., Peter N. Schlegel, attending urologist at Weill Cornell Medicine.