Figure 2.

(A) Intracellular ROS generation from 2,7-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) assay in normal or deficient Vitamin D (VitD) primary microglia cells. (B) Reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels (ROOH production) detected in the cell media of normal or deficient VitD microglia cells. Data were expressed as means ± SEM (U CARR). (C) ROS levels (ROOH production) detected in the serum of normal or deficient VitD pups. Data were expressed as means ± SEM (U CARR). Cells were treated were vehicle (DMSO 0.001%, 24 h) or 25D3 or 1,25D3 or PEA (100 nM, 24 h) (cells samples n = 6–8). * indicates statistically significant (p < 0.05) difference vs. vehicle-treated VitD-normal cells; # indicates statistically significant difference vs. vehicle-treated VitD-deficient cells. Two-way ANOVA, post-hoc Tukey’s.